biostudies-literatureNikopaschou MThe Greek Research Infrastructure for Personalized Medicine (pMedGR)European Commission in the context of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action European Training Network CAPSTONEGreece and the European Union (European Regional Development FundOperational Program "Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation"398-412https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12779449biostudies-literatureUnknown177(2)Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a polymorphic enzyme that shapes the peptide repertoire presented by MHC class I molecules and can regulate adaptive immune responses in cancer and autoimmunity. Common missense polymorphisms in ERAP1 modulate its activity and are found in specific allotypes in humans. ERAP1 allotypes are linked to predisposition to HLA-associated inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and Behçet's disease, through the generation of specific CD8+ T cell populations targeting disease-specific HLAs. Given the established broad effects of ERAP1 activity on the cellular immunopeptidome, we hypothesised that ERAP1 allotypic variation may lead to broad immunopeptidome shifts capable of triggering the observed antigenic responses. To test this hypothesis, we geneImmunologyERAP1 Allotypes 2 and 10 Differentially Regulate the Immunopeptidome of Melanocytes.PMC12779449NSRF 2014-2020954992-CAPSTONE-H2020-MSCA-ITN-2020Tsitsilonis OKannavou ASamiotaki MAngelis NVNikopaschou MPanayotou GStratikos EfalseERAP1 Allotypes 2 and 10 Differentially Regulate the Immunopeptidome of Melanocytes.Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a polymorphic enzyme that shapes the peptide repertoire presented by MHC class I molecules and can regulate adaptive immune responses in cancer and autoimmunity. Common missense polymorphisms in ERAP1 modulate its activity and are found in specific allotypes in humans. ERAP1 allotypes are linked to predisposition to HLA-associated inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and Behçet's disease, through the generation of specific CD8+ T cell populations targeting disease-specific HLAs. Given the established broad effects of ERAP1 activity on the cellular immunopeptidome, we hypothesised that ERAP1 allotypic variation may lead to broad immunopeptidome shifts capable of triggering the observed antigenic responses. To test this hypothesis, we gene2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-06-06T11:21:34.655Z2026-05-29T03:13:12.592ZS-EPMC127794494113074910.1111/imm.70056