biostudies-literatureUnknown69(2)Aniagyei WUniversitätsklinikum Düsseldorf. Anstalt öffentlichen RechtsElse Kröner-Fresenius StiftungElterninitiative Kinderkrebsklinik e.V.<h4>Aims/hypothesis</h4>In sub-Saharan Africa, type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed clinically, which can be challenging due to atypical diabetes presentations such as ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes or type 2 diabetes in the absence of overweight and obesity. C-peptide, a marker of residual insulin secretion capacity, is crucial for understanding these variations but understudied in the region. Here, we investigated whether C-peptide measurement and concomitant genetic, autoimmune and metabolic characterisation of individuals with clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes confirm diabetes classification and highlight population-specific features.<h4>Methods</h4>In this case-control study from Ghana, we recruited 266 individuals with clinically diagnosed and insulin-treated long-term type 1 diaDiabetologia308-320https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12779725biostudies-literatureHeterogeneity in clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes: characterising a unique cohort with maintained C-peptide secretion in Ghana.PMC12779725Sarfo-Kantanka OBoateng AOMeissner TPhillips ROAsibey SOBalz VSterzenbach MOwusu DOAdankwah EKarusheva YBurkart VHerebian DMayatepek EYeboah AHuttasch MRoden MJacobsen MKummer SArthur JFSeyfarth JAniagyei WWagner RMohayideen SEnczmann JOwusu EVivekanandan MMAhor HSfalseHeterogeneity in clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes: characterising a unique cohort with maintained C-peptide secretion in Ghana.<h4>Aims/hypothesis</h4>In sub-Saharan Africa, type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed clinically, which can be challenging due to atypical diabetes presentations such as ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes or type 2 diabetes in the absence of overweight and obesity. C-peptide, a marker of residual insulin secretion capacity, is crucial for understanding these variations but understudied in the region. Here, we investigated whether C-peptide measurement and concomitant genetic, autoimmune and metabolic characterisation of individuals with clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes confirm diabetes classification and highlight population-specific features.<h4>Methods</h4>In this case-control study from Ghana, we recruited 266 individuals with clinically diagnosed and insulin-treated long-term type 1 dia2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-06-06T12:50:53.877Z2026-05-30T03:11:40.846ZS-EPMC127797254117519910.1007/s00125-025-06576-3