biostudies-literatureLin LGuangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Special FundScience and Technology Program of DongguanNatural Science Foundation of Guangdong ProvinceNational Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China26https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12798018biostudies-literatureUnknown24(1)Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation and its global prevalence is increasing. Although a variety of drugs have been approved for the clinical treatment of UC, their application is often limited by unsatisfactory long-term effects, side effects, and high treatment costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of effective drugs with fewer side effects. In this study, we found that the extracellular vesicles extracted and purified from rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. (KGEVs) exhibit promising therapeutic effects in treating UC disease. With an average diameter of 133.8 nm, KGEVs are rich in functional components, including lipids, proteins, and pharmacologically and immunologically active molecules. In vivo experiments revealed that KGJournal of nanobiotechnologyExtracellular vesicles derived from Kaempferia Galanga L. show promise for targeted oral therapy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.PMC127980182023A15151107572023180091337220221260824052792023A151501072081830117Zheng ZGong SWu CShen CZhou XZhao XJiang ZLi SHe ZKwan HYPeng BFang WMa JJiang CChen YLin LZhong LfalseExtracellular vesicles derived from Kaempferia Galanga L. show promise for targeted oral therapy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation and its global prevalence is increasing. Although a variety of drugs have been approved for the clinical treatment of UC, their application is often limited by unsatisfactory long-term effects, side effects, and high treatment costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of effective drugs with fewer side effects. In this study, we found that the extracellular vesicles extracted and purified from rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. (KGEVs) exhibit promising therapeutic effects in treating UC disease. With an average diameter of 133.8 nm, KGEVs are rich in functional components, including lipids, proteins, and pharmacologically and immunologically active molecules. In vivo experiments revealed that KG2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-06T15:53:32.729Z2026-06-02T03:09:22.798ZS-EPMC127980184135068110.1186/s12951-025-03897-8