biostudies-literatureLiu CHenan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Program Key Soft Science ProjectClinical Research Special Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission260https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12822148biostudies-literatureUnknown26(1)<h4>Background</h4>There is accumulating evidence of an association between particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) and cancer. However, the impact of air pollution on the survival of lymphoma patients has received little attention.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective study was conducted at Henan Cancer Hospital. We included lymphoma patients admitted between January 2017 and December 2020, with follow-ups conducted via telephone. Daily gridded data on PM_2.5 and its chemical components were obtained over a 10 km × 10 km grid. To assess the association between PM_2.5 levels and lymphoma mortality, we employed a Cox proportional-hazards model. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline function was used to evaluate nonlinear associations between chemical comBMC public healthEffects of exposure to PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and its chemical components on survival of patients with lymphoma.PMC1282214820234Y0007RKX202401004Li XMa LChen YLiu CYang DYi WWang KJin LfalseEffects of exposure to PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and its chemical components on survival of patients with lymphoma.<h4>Background</h4>There is accumulating evidence of an association between particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) and cancer. However, the impact of air pollution on the survival of lymphoma patients has received little attention.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective study was conducted at Henan Cancer Hospital. We included lymphoma patients admitted between January 2017 and December 2020, with follow-ups conducted via telephone. Daily gridded data on PM_2.5 and its chemical components were obtained over a 10 km × 10 km grid. To assess the association between PM_2.5 levels and lymphoma mortality, we employed a Cox proportional-hazards model. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline function was used to evaluate nonlinear associations between chemical com2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-06T17:53:05.103Z2026-06-04T03:10:08.198ZS-EPMC128221484140820710.1186/s12889-025-25877-1