biostudies-literatureUnknown5Bai J<h4>Background</h4>Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic autoinflammatory disease with heterogeneous clinical features, presenting considerable complexity for sustained patient self-management. Although the use of large language models (LLMs) in health care is rapidly expanding, there has been no rigorous assessment of their capacity to provide axSpA-specific health guidance.<h4>Objective</h4>This study aimed to develop a patient-centered needs assessment tool and conduct a systematic evaluation of the quality of LLM-generated health advice for patients with axSpA.<h4>Methods</h4>A 2-round Delphi consensus process guided the design of the questionnaire, which was subsequently administered to 84 patients with axSpA and 26 rheumatologists. Patient-identified key concerns were formulatJMIR AIe79153https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12824573biostudies-literatureAssessing the Quality of AI Responses to Patient Concerns About Axial Spondyloarthritis: Delphi-Based Evaluation.PMC12824573Zhang WJi XZhu JGuo YXue CBai JYu JWang YfalseAssessing the Quality of AI Responses to Patient Concerns About Axial Spondyloarthritis: Delphi-Based Evaluation.<h4>Background</h4>Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic autoinflammatory disease with heterogeneous clinical features, presenting considerable complexity for sustained patient self-management. Although the use of large language models (LLMs) in health care is rapidly expanding, there has been no rigorous assessment of their capacity to provide axSpA-specific health guidance.<h4>Objective</h4>This study aimed to develop a patient-centered needs assessment tool and conduct a systematic evaluation of the quality of LLM-generated health advice for patients with axSpA.<h4>Methods</h4>A 2-round Delphi consensus process guided the design of the questionnaire, which was subsequently administered to 84 patients with axSpA and 26 rheumatologists. Patient-identified key concerns were formulat2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Jan2026-06-06T21:23:12.327Z2026-06-05T03:11:48.256ZS-EPMC128245734149977210.2196/79153