biostudies-literatureLuu CHNational Heart Foundation of AustraliaNational Health and Medical Research CouncilGriffith UniversityAustralian Research Council102762https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12829136biostudies-literatureUnknown37Blood-contacting medical devices such as vascular grafts, stents, and catheters are indispensable in life-saving interventions but remain prone to thrombosis and bacterial infection. These complications are often synergistic, with clot formation facilitating bacterial colonisation and biofilm growth, yet most surface coatings lack active countermeasures once thrombi or biofilms have developed. In this study, we hypothesised that integrating spiky silver-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (AgIONPs) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into a surface coating could provide both passive and active protection. AgIONPs offer strong photothermal properties under 808 nm laser irradiation for on-demand thrombolysis and biofilm disruption, while PEG contributes antifouling, anticoagulant, and biocompatibleMaterials today. BioAntithrombotic and antibacterial surface coating based on spiky silver nanoparticles: A counterattack against clotting and biofilm.PMC12829136102761FT240100280APP1182347APP2002827Nepal ATa HTCha HMoonshi SSSajin DNguyen NTPerera BNguyen DNLuu CHfalseAntithrombotic and antibacterial surface coating based on spiky silver nanoparticles: A counterattack against clotting and biofilm.Blood-contacting medical devices such as vascular grafts, stents, and catheters are indispensable in life-saving interventions but remain prone to thrombosis and bacterial infection. These complications are often synergistic, with clot formation facilitating bacterial colonisation and biofilm growth, yet most surface coatings lack active countermeasures once thrombi or biofilms have developed. In this study, we hypothesised that integrating spiky silver-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (AgIONPs) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into a surface coating could provide both passive and active protection. AgIONPs offer strong photothermal properties under 808 nm laser irradiation for on-demand thrombolysis and biofilm disruption, while PEG contributes antifouling, anticoagulant, and biocompatible2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Apr2026-06-21T04:47:11.594Z2026-06-21T03:07:40.06ZS-EPMC128291364158544310.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102762