biostudies-literatureUnknownBradley KANIDA NIH HHSU.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesData and Statistics Center, The Emmes CompanyNational Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of HealthORFDO NIH HHSIntramural Research ProgramCLC NIH HHS<h4>Background and aims</h4>Female, Hispanic, and Black patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) are less likely to receive OUD medication treatment than other patients. The PROUD (PRimary care Opioid Use Disorders treatment) trial demonstrated that implementation of primary care (PC) nurse care management increases OUD medication treatment compared with usual care (UC). This study assessed whether the PROUD intervention's effect differed across sex, race and ethnicity.<h4>Design</h4>Secondary analyses of cluster-randomized implementation trial.<h4>Setting</h4>12 PC clinics (2 per health system) in five states in the USA, randomized to UC or intervention, stratified by health system.<h4>Participants</h4>PC patients 16-90 years old.<h4>Intervention</h4>Three strategies to implement office-baAddiction (Abingdon, England)https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12829311biostudies-literatureDifferences in benefits of office based opioid treatment: Secondary analyses across sub-groups in the PROUD randomized controlled implementation trial.PMC12829311UG1 DA013035UG1DA040314HHSN271201400028C75N95019D00013UG1 DA020024UG1DA04031UG1 DA04031475N90019D0001375N99019D00013UG1 DA01371475N95021D00013UG1 DA015831UG1 DA013720Yu OHyun NMurphy MTIdu ACampbell ANCBradley KAMatthews AGEllis RLSaxon AJCampbell CISimon CBBobb JFGlass JEMcCormack JZare-Mehrjerdi MPROUD Trial collaborators on sex, race and ethnicityBraciszewski JMHorigian VWartko PDSamet JHLee AKWeinstein ZArnsten JHLiu DSzapocznik JBeers DfalseDifferences in benefits of office based opioid treatment: Secondary analyses across sub-groups in the PROUD randomized controlled implementation trial.<h4>Background and aims</h4>Female, Hispanic, and Black patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) are less likely to receive OUD medication treatment than other patients. The PROUD (PRimary care Opioid Use Disorders treatment) trial demonstrated that implementation of primary care (PC) nurse care management increases OUD medication treatment compared with usual care (UC). This study assessed whether the PROUD intervention's effect differed across sex, race and ethnicity.<h4>Design</h4>Secondary analyses of cluster-randomized implementation trial.<h4>Setting</h4>12 PC clinics (2 per health system) in five states in the USA, randomized to UC or intervention, stratified by health system.<h4>Participants</h4>PC patients 16-90 years old.<h4>Intervention</h4>Three strategies to implement office-ba2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov2026-06-06T22:01:04.707Z2026-06-05T03:12:05.968ZS-EPMC128293114128718010.1111/add.70221