biostudies-literatureRuan HSichuan Science and Technology Program, ChinaKey Research and Development Projects of Chengdu Science and Technology BureauNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaScience and Technology Major Project of Tibetan Autonomous Region of China95https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12831328biostudies-literatureUnknown26(1)<h4>Background</h4>No studies have examined whether lifestyles mediate the association between frailty status and survival among older adults in China, and research exploring the interactions and joint associations of frailty status and lifestyles on survival is also limited. Therefore, we conducted this study to address these critical gaps in a nationwide, community-based, prospective cohort of older adults in China.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 17,476 participants (median age: 87.0 [IQR: 80.0-95.0], males: 61.5%) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted between 1998 and 2014 were included, with follow-up until 2018. Frailty index assessed frailty status: robustness, pre-frailty, and frailty. Four lifestyle factors were examined: cigarette smoking, alcohol consumptionBMC geriatricsAssociations of lifestyles and frailty status with survival among older adults in China: a nationwide, community-based, prospective cohort study.PMC128313282022-YF05-01335-S816002992022YFS0186XZ202201ZD0001G01Zheng YSong NHe SRuan HZhao LYang LMa HBan CYi WWang ZWang KfalseAssociations of lifestyles and frailty status with survival among older adults in China: a nationwide, community-based, prospective cohort study.<h4>Background</h4>No studies have examined whether lifestyles mediate the association between frailty status and survival among older adults in China, and research exploring the interactions and joint associations of frailty status and lifestyles on survival is also limited. Therefore, we conducted this study to address these critical gaps in a nationwide, community-based, prospective cohort of older adults in China.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 17,476 participants (median age: 87.0 [IQR: 80.0-95.0], males: 61.5%) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted between 1998 and 2014 were included, with follow-up until 2018. Frailty index assessed frailty status: robustness, pre-frailty, and frailty. Four lifestyle factors were examined: cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-06T22:07:11.894Z2026-06-05T03:12:11.487ZS-EPMC128313284142020710.1186/s12877-025-06878-6