biostudies-literatureChen XShuaichenHairui Fan11https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12846478biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a widely distributed immunosuppressive virus, causes substantial economic losses in the global swine industry. <i>C1QTNF6</i> has emerged as a novel immunoregulatory factor attracting increasing research interest due to its dual roles in both pro-inflammatory and antiviral immune responses. However, the role of <i>C1QTNF6</i> in regulating PCV2 replication remains poorly characterized. Here, we analyzed <i>C1QTNF6</i> expression patterns and identified its highly specific expression in placental tissues in both humans and pigs. We then overexpressed <i>C1QTNF6</i> and conducted RNA sequencing analysis. Remarkably, 68 upregulated genes were identified, and most of them were interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including <i>MX2</i> and <i>ISG15</i>. FunctionaVeterinary sciencesThe C1QTNF6-MX2 Antiviral Axis Inhibits Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Replication in Porcine Macrophages.PMC12846478BK2024092124KJD230003Jiang JWu ZFan HBao XBao WXu CChen XWang HChen SfalseThe C1QTNF6-MX2 Antiviral Axis Inhibits Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Replication in Porcine Macrophages.Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a widely distributed immunosuppressive virus, causes substantial economic losses in the global swine industry. <i>C1QTNF6</i> has emerged as a novel immunoregulatory factor attracting increasing research interest due to its dual roles in both pro-inflammatory and antiviral immune responses. However, the role of <i>C1QTNF6</i> in regulating PCV2 replication remains poorly characterized. Here, we analyzed <i>C1QTNF6</i> expression patterns and identified its highly specific expression in placental tissues in both humans and pigs. We then overexpressed <i>C1QTNF6</i> and conducted RNA sequencing analysis. Remarkably, 68 upregulated genes were identified, and most of them were interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including <i>MX2</i> and <i>ISG15</i>. Functiona2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Dec2026-06-14T03:26:53.15Z2026-06-14T03:16:34.899ZS-EPMC128464784160066710.3390/vetsci13010011