biostudies-literatureKornher KNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNIEHS NIH HHSUniversity of Michigan Susan B Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center114526https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12858097biostudies-literatureUnknown265Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and pesticides are widespread environmental contaminants linked to adverse health outcomes; yet, their impact on lung function-individually and as mixtures-remains poorly understood. This study analyzed data from 381 adolescents in a longitudinal cohort in Ecuador, measuring serum levels of three PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctanesulfonic acid [PFOS], and perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA]) and urinary levels of three pesticides (glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D], and ethylene thiourea [ETU]). Spirometric lung function was assessed in 2016 and 2022. We evaluated associations between individual chemical levels and lung measures in log-log models estimated via ordinary least squares regression. We used quantile g-computInternational journal of hygiene and environmental healthAssociations of PFAS and pesticides with lung function changes from adolescence to young adulthood in the ESPINA study.PMC12858097R21 ES026084R01 ES025792U2C ES026560K01 ES031697R01 ES030378P30 ES019776U2C ES026533Gould CFSuarez-Torres JKornher KPeterson LABarr DBManzano JMHuset CAKayser GBaines KMartinez DSuarez-Lopez JRTu XfalseAssociations of PFAS and pesticides with lung function changes from adolescence to young adulthood in the ESPINA study.Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and pesticides are widespread environmental contaminants linked to adverse health outcomes; yet, their impact on lung function-individually and as mixtures-remains poorly understood. This study analyzed data from 381 adolescents in a longitudinal cohort in Ecuador, measuring serum levels of three PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctanesulfonic acid [PFOS], and perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA]) and urinary levels of three pesticides (glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D], and ethylene thiourea [ETU]). Spirometric lung function was assessed in 2016 and 2022. We evaluated associations between individual chemical levels and lung measures in log-log models estimated via ordinary least squares regression. We used quantile g-comput2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Apr2026-06-09T07:26:45.994Z2026-06-09T03:12:07.76ZS-EPMC128580973990413310.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114526