biostudies-literatureGupta SBLRD VANEI NIH HHS38https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12859705biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)<h4>Purpose</h4>The inhibitor of differentiation 3 gene therapy via adeno-associated virus 5 (AAV5-Id3) effectively abrogated corneal fibrosis in vivo. This study examined the long-term tolerability and safety of AAV5-Id3 gene therapy for eyes in vivo using a rabbit model.<h4>Methods</h4>Eighteen New Zealand White rabbits, segregated into three groups (naive, AAV5-naked, and AAV5-Id3; n = 6/group), were used. The clinical eye examinations with slit-lamp and multimodal corneal imaging were performed in live rabbits periodically to record the status of ocular and corneal health for up to 7 months. Thereafter, humane euthanasia was performed, and cellular and molecular changes in corneas were studied employing histopathologic, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerTranslational vision science & technologyLong-Term Tolerability and Safety of AAV5-Id3 Gene Therapy to Eyes.PMC12859705U01 EY031650R01 EY030774IK6 BX005646I01 BX000357Hesemann NPMohan RRGupta SHofmann ACSinha NRFraunfelder FWSinha PRMartin LMKumar RfalseLong-Term Tolerability and Safety of AAV5-Id3 Gene Therapy to Eyes.<h4>Purpose</h4>The inhibitor of differentiation 3 gene therapy via adeno-associated virus 5 (AAV5-Id3) effectively abrogated corneal fibrosis in vivo. This study examined the long-term tolerability and safety of AAV5-Id3 gene therapy for eyes in vivo using a rabbit model.<h4>Methods</h4>Eighteen New Zealand White rabbits, segregated into three groups (naive, AAV5-naked, and AAV5-Id3; n = 6/group), were used. The clinical eye examinations with slit-lamp and multimodal corneal imaging were performed in live rabbits periodically to record the status of ocular and corneal health for up to 7 months. Thereafter, humane euthanasia was performed, and cellular and molecular changes in corneas were studied employing histopathologic, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription polymer2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Jan2026-06-16T07:22:28.433Z2026-06-16T03:09:53.788ZS-EPMC128597054160371410.1167/tvst.15.1.38