biostudies-literatureHeikkila AResearch Council of Finland106136https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12860974biostudies-literatureUnknown124<h4>Background</h4>Pneumonia risk is influenced by demographics, chronic disease burden, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Despite previous genetic studies, the impact of host genetics on pneumonia, particularly within specific patient groups, remains unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted genome-wide meta-analyses of pneumonia using data from FinnGen and Estonian biobank, analysing both the general population and patient subgroups based on age at first pneumonia diagnosis, recurrent pneumonia, and asthma status. Additionally, we investigated genetic correlations and causal relationships between pneumonia and other traits.<h4>Findings</h4>Our study included a total of 110,881 pneumonia cases and 509,253 controls, with subgroup analyses focussing on children (9534 cases, 509,253 controls)EBioMedicineGenetic risk factors for pneumonia differ by patient subgroup.PMC12860974338229Vayrynen SEsko TKettunen JReis KEstonian Biobank Research TeamHautala TSliz EHeikkila AElnahas AGReigo AFinnGenfalseGenetic risk factors for pneumonia differ by patient subgroup.<h4>Background</h4>Pneumonia risk is influenced by demographics, chronic disease burden, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Despite previous genetic studies, the impact of host genetics on pneumonia, particularly within specific patient groups, remains unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted genome-wide meta-analyses of pneumonia using data from FinnGen and Estonian biobank, analysing both the general population and patient subgroups based on age at first pneumonia diagnosis, recurrent pneumonia, and asthma status. Additionally, we investigated genetic correlations and causal relationships between pneumonia and other traits.<h4>Findings</h4>Our study included a total of 110,881 pneumonia cases and 509,253 controls, with subgroup analyses focussing on children (9534 cases, 509,253 controls)2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Jan2026-06-19T04:57:14.644Z2026-06-19T03:06:51.57ZS-EPMC128609744157949410.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106136