biostudies-literatureUnknown16(2)Davis DDCharles Redd Center for Western StudiesCollege Undergraduate ResearchBrigham Young University College of Life SciencesThe acorn weevil Curculio nanulus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a seed predator that lays its eggs inside developing acorns and hickory nuts in the western United States. The female weevil uses her elongated rostrum to excavate a hole into the seed, creating a protected site for oviposition. Natural history traits among Curculio species-such as host specificity and variation in larval diapause-suggest a dynamic evolutionary relationship with their host plants. These traits are best studied through a comparative genomic framework, but such analyses cannot currently be undertaken due to the lack of whole-genome assemblies for Curculio species. To address this gap, we generated a whole-genome assembly for C. nanulus using PacBio HiFi sequencing. The resulting assembly is ∼1.5 Gbp in length, with high contiguity (contig N50 = 7.7 Mbp) and gene completeness (BUSCO score: 98.97%). To enable comparative analysis, we also assembled the genome of the pecan weevil, Curculio caryae, using publicly available PacBio HiFi reads. For both species, we annotated repetitive elements and protein-coding genes and compared these features with those of other weevil genomes. Our results reveal a marked expansion of repetitive elements within Curculio and its close relatives. These genomic resources provide a foundation for investigating seed predation, co-speciation, and host-parasite evolutionary dynamics in Curculio and related taxa, as well as their impacts on forest ecology.G3 (Bethesda, Md.)jkaf292https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12869062biostudies-literatureWhole-genome assembly and annotation of the acorn weevil, Curculio nanulus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).PMC12869062McKenna DDDavis DDFrandsen PBCharles MAfalseWhole-genome assembly and annotation of the acorn weevil, Curculio nanulus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).The acorn weevil Curculio nanulus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a seed predator that lays its eggs inside developing acorns and hickory nuts in the western United States. The female weevil uses her elongated rostrum to excavate a hole into the seed, creating a protected site for oviposition. Natural history traits among Curculio species-such as host specificity and variation in larval diapause-suggest a dynamic evolutionary relationship with their host plants. These traits are best studied through a comparative genomic framework, but such analyses cannot currently be undertaken due to the lack of whole-genome assemblies for Curculio species. To address this gap, we generated a whole-genome assembly for C. nanulus using PacBio HiFi sequencing. The resulting assembly is ∼1.5 Gbp in length, with high contiguity (contig N50 = 7.7 Mbp) and gene completeness (BUSCO score: 98.97%). To enable comparative analysis, we also assembled the genome of the pecan weevil, Curculio caryae, using publicly available PacBio HiFi reads. For both species, we annotated repetitive elements and protein-coding genes and compared these features with those of other weevil genomes. Our results reveal a marked expansion of repetitive elements within Curculio and its close relatives. These genomic resources provide a foundation for investigating seed predation, co-speciation, and host-parasite evolutionary dynamics in Curculio and related taxa, as well as their impacts on forest ecology.2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-07-05T03:10:31.695Z2026-07-05T03:08:16.036ZS-EPMC128690624147396710.1093/g3journal/jkaf292