{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Jones BO"],"funding":["NIDA NIH HHS","National Institutes of Health","National Institute on Drug Abuse"],"pagination":["107961"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12904990"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["213"],"pubmed_abstract":["In an animal model of compulsive drug use, a subset of rats continues to self-administer cocaine despite footshock consequences and is considered punishment resistant. We recently found that punishment resistance is associated with habits that persist under conditions that typically encourage a transition to goal-directed control. Given that random ratio (RR) and random interval (RI) schedules of reinforcement influence whether responding is goal-directed or habitual, we investigated the influence of these schedules on punishment resistance for cocaine or food. Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were trained to self-administer either intravenous cocaine or food pellets on a seeking-taking chained schedule of reinforcement, with the seeking lever requiring completion of either an RR20 or R"],"journal":["Neurobiology of learning and memory"],"pubmed_title":["Random interval schedule of reinforcement influences punishment resistance for cocaine in rats."],"pmcid":["PMC12904990"],"funding_grant_id":["DA046457","R01 DA046457"],"pubmed_authors":["Handel SN","Spencer HF","Paladino MS","Jones BO","Cruz AM","Smith RJ"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Random interval schedule of reinforcement influences punishment resistance for cocaine in rats.","description":"In an animal model of compulsive drug use, a subset of rats continues to self-administer cocaine despite footshock consequences and is considered punishment resistant. We recently found that punishment resistance is associated with habits that persist under conditions that typically encourage a transition to goal-directed control. Given that random ratio (RR) and random interval (RI) schedules of reinforcement influence whether responding is goal-directed or habitual, we investigated the influence of these schedules on punishment resistance for cocaine or food. Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were trained to self-administer either intravenous cocaine or food pellets on a seeking-taking chained schedule of reinforcement, with the seeking lever requiring completion of either an RR20 or R","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Sep","modification":"2026-07-15T22:12:30.855Z","creation":"2026-07-09T10:21:01.155Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12904990","cross_references":{"pubmed":["39025429"],"doi":["10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107961"]}}