{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Zhang J"],"funding":["European Research Council"],"pagination":["1613-1620"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12908150"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["17(6)"],"pubmed_abstract":["The prototypical polyene-like β-carotene molecule displays a substantial electric polarizability but a negligible electric dipole moment in the electronic ground state. Changes of such quantities in excited states of β-carotene have remained unknown in liquid and/or protein environments fluctuating at ambient temperature. Here, we study the polarizability and dipole changes of β-carotene in apolar <i>n</i>-hexane by ultrafast terahertz (THz) Stark spectroscopy. An external picosecond THz electric field induces a pronounced red-shift of electronic absorption on the optically allowed transition from the 1<sup>1</sup>A<sub>g</sub> ground state to the 1<sup>1</sup>B<sub>u</sub> excited state. We derive an increase in polarizability of Δα = 450 ± 80 Å<sup>3</sup> in the 1<sup>1</sup>B<sub>u</su"],"journal":["The journal of physical chemistry letters"],"pubmed_title":["Transient Electronic Polarizability of β-Carotene from Ultrafast Terahertz Stark Spectroscopy."],"pmcid":["PMC12908150"],"funding_grant_id":["101125590"],"pubmed_authors":["Fingerhut BP","Zhang J","Elsaesser T","Jaschke C"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Transient Electronic Polarizability of β-Carotene from Ultrafast Terahertz Stark Spectroscopy.","description":"The prototypical polyene-like β-carotene molecule displays a substantial electric polarizability but a negligible electric dipole moment in the electronic ground state. Changes of such quantities in excited states of β-carotene have remained unknown in liquid and/or protein environments fluctuating at ambient temperature. Here, we study the polarizability and dipole changes of β-carotene in apolar <i>n</i>-hexane by ultrafast terahertz (THz) Stark spectroscopy. An external picosecond THz electric field induces a pronounced red-shift of electronic absorption on the optically allowed transition from the 1<sup>1</sup>A<sub>g</sub> ground state to the 1<sup>1</sup>B<sub>u</sub> excited state. We derive an increase in polarizability of Δα = 450 ± 80 Å<sup>3</sup> in the 1<sup>1</sup>B<sub>u</su","dates":{"release":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2026 Feb","modification":"2026-07-15T22:12:24.399Z","creation":"2026-07-09T10:20:59.245Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC12908150","cross_references":{"pubmed":["41605496"],"doi":["10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c03702"]}}