biostudies-literatureUnknown26(1)Lima MSFF<h4>Background</h4>Apexification in immature teeth represents a clinical challenge due to the difficulty of achieving an effective apical seal and sufficient mechanical resistance. Bioceramic materials such as MTA Repair HP, Bio-C Repair, Biodentine, and PBS Cimmo HP have been developed to improve sealing ability and bond strength. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the apical marginal adaptation by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and bond strength through the push-out test of these four calcium silicate- based cements used as an apical barrier.<h4>Methods</h4>Forty simulated models of immature teeth with open apex were created. The specimens were divided into four groups to create an apical plug: G1 (MTA Repair HP), G2 (Bio-C Repair), G3 (Biodentine) andBMC oral health332https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12911339biostudies-literatureEvaluation of marginal adaptation and bond strength of apical root canal plugs using different bioceramic cements.PMC12911339Antunes ANDGde Sousa Caneschi CBorem Bruzinga FFLima MSFFSilveira FFDos Santos Alves Morgan LFde Toubes KMPSfalseEvaluation of marginal adaptation and bond strength of apical root canal plugs using different bioceramic cements.<h4>Background</h4>Apexification in immature teeth represents a clinical challenge due to the difficulty of achieving an effective apical seal and sufficient mechanical resistance. Bioceramic materials such as MTA Repair HP, Bio-C Repair, Biodentine, and PBS Cimmo HP have been developed to improve sealing ability and bond strength. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the apical marginal adaptation by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and bond strength through the push-out test of these four calcium silicate- based cements used as an apical barrier.<h4>Methods</h4>Forty simulated models of immature teeth with open apex were created. The specimens were divided into four groups to create an apical plug: G1 (MTA Repair HP), G2 (Bio-C Repair), G3 (Biodentine) and2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-07-16T00:40:11.571Z2026-07-09T10:25:49.416ZS-EPMC129113394166803910.1186/s12903-026-07787-9