biostudies-literatureMoore Hill MNIMH NIH HHS114994https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12912792biostudies-literatureUnknown292<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate repetitive motor behaviors (RMBs) in non-autistic toddlers using direct observational methods.<h4>Study design</h4>This cohort study assessed RMBs in a community sample of 679 toddlers at 24 and 36 months of age. Initial analyses examined rates of RMBs in autistic (n = 65) vs nonautistic (n = 614) participants. Subsequent analyses focused on participants without autism, first examining clinical correlates of RMBs in the full non-autistic group and then comparing rates of RMBs in 2 non-autistic subgroups: 104 participants with other developmental concerns (ODC) and 510 participants with no developmental concerns.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 36% of non-autistic children demonstrated RMB at 24 and/or 36 months of age. RMBs were significantly more likely in the ODC The Journal of pediatricsRepetitive Motor Behaviors in Non-Autistic Toddlers.PMC12912792R01 MH121344Moore Hill MGangi DParikh CMaqbool SNi ROzonoff SfalseRepetitive Motor Behaviors in Non-Autistic Toddlers.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate repetitive motor behaviors (RMBs) in non-autistic toddlers using direct observational methods.<h4>Study design</h4>This cohort study assessed RMBs in a community sample of 679 toddlers at 24 and 36 months of age. Initial analyses examined rates of RMBs in autistic (n = 65) vs nonautistic (n = 614) participants. Subsequent analyses focused on participants without autism, first examining clinical correlates of RMBs in the full non-autistic group and then comparing rates of RMBs in 2 non-autistic subgroups: 104 participants with other developmental concerns (ODC) and 510 participants with no developmental concerns.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 36% of non-autistic children demonstrated RMB at 24 and/or 36 months of age. RMBs were significantly more likely in the ODC 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Jan2026-07-16T00:35:25.096Z2026-07-09T10:25:54.279ZS-EPMC129127924155443510.1016/j.jpeds.2026.114994