biostudies-literatureUnknown46(2)Kim GKorean Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases<h4>Background</h4><i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children, with a rising incidence of macrolide resistance. Early diagnosis is crucial for reducing the disease burden; however, current diagnostic tools have limitations. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of serological assays and their performance based on symptom onset in children with CAP.<h4>Methods</h4>From September 2023 to September 2024, we prospectively enrolled children with CAP, classified as <i>M. pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (MPP) or non-MPP, from 16 hospitals in Korea. Serological testing included chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and ELISA for detecting IgM and IgG, along with particle agglutination (PA) for total antibody measurements. Serological responses were analyAnnals of laboratory medicine162-170https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12915381biostudies-literatureDiagnostic Accuracy of Serological Tests for &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; Infections in Children with Pneumonia, Based on Symptom Onset.PMC12915381Kang HMKim GLee TJKim KMLee HKim DRCho EYKim KRChoe YJSuh WKang DEun BWShin AKim YKKim YJYun KWLee JKPark SEKwak BOLee YJo KJfalseDiagnostic Accuracy of Serological Tests for &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; Infections in Children with Pneumonia, Based on Symptom Onset.<h4>Background</h4><i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children, with a rising incidence of macrolide resistance. Early diagnosis is crucial for reducing the disease burden; however, current diagnostic tools have limitations. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of serological assays and their performance based on symptom onset in children with CAP.<h4>Methods</h4>From September 2023 to September 2024, we prospectively enrolled children with CAP, classified as <i>M. pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (MPP) or non-MPP, from 16 hospitals in Korea. Serological testing included chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and ELISA for detecting IgM and IgG, along with particle agglutination (PA) for total antibody measurements. Serological responses were analy2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Mar2026-07-16T06:56:37.413Z2026-07-09T13:10:46.029ZS-EPMC129153814089926810.3343/alm.2025.0125