biostudies-literatureUnknown5(2)Leyk SRecent studies have focused on the role of dying cells in modulating immune function and shaping the local microenvironment. Apoptotic cells release various extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, and form apoptotic bodies through membrane blebbing. Despite growing interest in EVs, the effects of EVs derived from apoptotic cells versus those from live cell remain poorly understood. Here, via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, proteomics, and flow cytometry, we characterise the distinct features of EVs from live versus apoptotic cells. Using a model of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infection, characterised by the presence of dying cells due to parasite egg accumulation, we demonstrate that the injection of apoptotic T cell-derived EVs atJournal of extracellular biologye70115https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12918768biostudies-literatureExtracellular Vesicle Properties and Functions Are Defined by the Originating Cell's Fitness Status.PMC12918768Bosurgi LBottcher MMetwally NGSaez PJJacobs TLeyk SLanzloth CKilian CMeyer SKind SHohn KHaas HSchluter HKux JMMoritz MHonecker BWeidemann SAdlung LLiebold IRichardt URuckdeschel KGocke AfalseExtracellular Vesicle Properties and Functions Are Defined by the Originating Cell's Fitness Status.Recent studies have focused on the role of dying cells in modulating immune function and shaping the local microenvironment. Apoptotic cells release various extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, and form apoptotic bodies through membrane blebbing. Despite growing interest in EVs, the effects of EVs derived from apoptotic cells versus those from live cell remain poorly understood. Here, via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, proteomics, and flow cytometry, we characterise the distinct features of EVs from live versus apoptotic cells. Using a model of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infection, characterised by the presence of dying cells due to parasite egg accumulation, we demonstrate that the injection of apoptotic T cell-derived EVs at2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-07-16T18:03:19.585Z2026-07-09T11:10:47.473ZS-EPMC129187684172804110.1002/jex2.70115