biostudies-literatureLi QXuzhou Science and Technology Bureau project2633793https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12928626biostudies-literatureUnknown18(1)<h4>Background</h4>Activation of islet stellate cells (ISCs) contributes to islet fibrosis and diabetes progression through excessive extracellular matrix secretion and lipid loss. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) has been reported to modulate lipid metabolism in other tissues, but its role in ISCs remains unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>ISCs were isolated from 9-and 28-week-old db/m and db/db mice. Lipid content analysis, qRT‒PCR, and Western blotting were used to assess lipid metabolism-related molecules. ANXA1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Recombinant ANXA1 was co-cultured with db/db ISCs to evaluate lipid synthesis and lipolysis. The interaction between ANXA1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) was examined by immunoprecipitation.<h4>Results</IsletsAnnexin A1 exacerbates islet stellate cell activation by regulating triglyceride catabolism via the PPARα/ACOX1/CYP4a pathway.PMC12928626KC23180Shi LWang BJones PMQiu QLi QLi RSang YWang JLiu XGeng HZhang YLiang JYu TXu WLv QfalseAnnexin A1 exacerbates islet stellate cell activation by regulating triglyceride catabolism via the PPARα/ACOX1/CYP4a pathway.<h4>Background</h4>Activation of islet stellate cells (ISCs) contributes to islet fibrosis and diabetes progression through excessive extracellular matrix secretion and lipid loss. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) has been reported to modulate lipid metabolism in other tissues, but its role in ISCs remains unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>ISCs were isolated from 9-and 28-week-old db/m and db/db mice. Lipid content analysis, qRT‒PCR, and Western blotting were used to assess lipid metabolism-related molecules. ANXA1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Recombinant ANXA1 was co-cultured with db/db ISCs to evaluate lipid synthesis and lipolysis. The interaction between ANXA1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) was examined by immunoprecipitation.<h4>Results</2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Dec2026-07-16T18:33:32.12Z2026-07-11T03:08:18.924ZS-EPMC129286264172374810.1080/19382014.2026.2633793