biostudies-literatureUnknown14(7)Righetti GICThe development of greener extraction systems is essential to improving the sustainability of biomass valorization processes. Here we report that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LEV)two bioderived platform molecules often coproduced in biomass processingspontaneously form a stable liquid phase over a broad compositional range. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermodynamic modeling reveal a eutectic composition near <i>x</i> <sub>HMF</sub> = 0.39 with a melting temperature of 258 K and significant negative deviation from ideal behavior. The mixture remains liquid across a wide compositional range even in the presence of low water content (0.3-1.0 wt %), exhibiting deep eutectic solvent (DES)-like behavior. Structural and dynamic analyses using DSC, NMR spectrACS sustainable chemistry & engineering3699-3710https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12934199biostudies-literatureStable and Water-Tolerant Deep Eutectic Solvent from Biomass-Derived 5‑Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and Levulinic Acid.PMC12934199Di Pietro MESantamaria SNasrallah SMele AMinceva MVangosa FBAparicio SRighetti GICRozas SfalseStable and Water-Tolerant Deep Eutectic Solvent from Biomass-Derived 5‑Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and Levulinic Acid.The development of greener extraction systems is essential to improving the sustainability of biomass valorization processes. Here we report that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LEV)two bioderived platform molecules often coproduced in biomass processingspontaneously form a stable liquid phase over a broad compositional range. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermodynamic modeling reveal a eutectic composition near <i>x</i> <sub>HMF</sub> = 0.39 with a melting temperature of 258 K and significant negative deviation from ideal behavior. The mixture remains liquid across a wide compositional range even in the presence of low water content (0.3-1.0 wt %), exhibiting deep eutectic solvent (DES)-like behavior. Structural and dynamic analyses using DSC, NMR spectr2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-07-16T22:57:37.625Z2026-07-12T03:09:48.578ZS-EPMC129341994175668410.1021/acssuschemeng.5c13551