biostudies-literatureZhang CShanghai Municipal Health CommissionNational Natural Science Foundation of China94https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12942165biostudies-literatureUnknown17(2)<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Aberrant metabolism in tumors exacerbates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine inhibits the activation of effector T cells. Current antitumor drugs targeting kynurenine focus on small molecule inhibitors, which exhibit suboptimal efficacy in suppressing kynurenine generation owing to the diversity of kynurenine synthesis pathways. In contrast, kynureninase (KYNase) can directly metabolize kynurenine regardless of the production source. However, its delivery is hindered by short blood-circulation half-life and poor tumor accumulation. Additionally, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been reported to synergize with immunotherapy, suggesting a potential combinatorial photodynamic immunometabolic cancer therapy withJournal of functional biomaterialsSelf-Assembled Nanoparticles with Kynureninase-Fc Fusion Protein and Pheophorbide A for Photodynamic Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy.PMC129421652022XD04582471857 and 91859110Li ZLu WLin HYang AZhang CfalseSelf-Assembled Nanoparticles with Kynureninase-Fc Fusion Protein and Pheophorbide A for Photodynamic Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy.<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Aberrant metabolism in tumors exacerbates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine inhibits the activation of effector T cells. Current antitumor drugs targeting kynurenine focus on small molecule inhibitors, which exhibit suboptimal efficacy in suppressing kynurenine generation owing to the diversity of kynurenine synthesis pathways. In contrast, kynureninase (KYNase) can directly metabolize kynurenine regardless of the production source. However, its delivery is hindered by short blood-circulation half-life and poor tumor accumulation. Additionally, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been reported to synergize with immunotherapy, suggesting a potential combinatorial photodynamic immunometabolic cancer therapy with2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Feb2026-07-11T03:10:56.289Z2026-07-11T03:09:07.686ZS-EPMC129421654174555510.3390/jfb17020094