biostudies-literatureZambrano Siri RTConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasCanada-Israel Industrial Research and Development FoundationAgencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la InnovaciónAgencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológicae0343367https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12944795biostudies-literatureUnknown21(2)Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major, usually known as TriTryps, are the causal agents of animal and human sickness, and are characterized by having complex life cycles, alternating between a mammalian host and an insect vector. Their genes are organized in long transcriptional units that give rise to polycistronic transcripts which maturate into mRNA by a process known as trans-splicing. Among those genes, an important subset is composed of multi-copy genes, which play crucial roles in host invasion and immune evasion. Here, we predicted the most likely trans-splicing acceptor sites (TASs) for TriTryps and found that the average chromatin organization is very similar among them with a mild nucleosome depletion at the TASs, and the same layout is observed in most of the genome. A detailed examination of the nucleosome landscapes resulting from different levels of chromatin digestion in T. brucei shows that an MNase-sensitive complex is protecting the TASs, and it is at least partly composed of histones. Additionally, comparative analysis for single and multi-copy genes in T. cruzi revealed a differential chromatin structure at the TASs suggesting a novel mechanism to guarantee the fidelity of trans-splicing in trypanosomatids.PloS oneBeyond the transcript: Chromatin implications in trans-splicing in Trypanosomatids.PMC12944795IDRC-Project 109929PICT Raíces 2019-4260PICT 2020-00473PIP-2021-2023-03073PIBBA 2020-28720210100100COBeati PInchausti LSmircich PAlonso GDOcampo JZambrano Siri RTfalseBeyond the transcript: Chromatin implications in trans-splicing in Trypanosomatids.Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major, usually known as TriTryps, are the causal agents of animal and human sickness, and are characterized by having complex life cycles, alternating between a mammalian host and an insect vector. Their genes are organized in long transcriptional units that give rise to polycistronic transcripts which maturate into mRNA by a process known as trans-splicing. Among those genes, an important subset is composed of multi-copy genes, which play crucial roles in host invasion and immune evasion. Here, we predicted the most likely trans-splicing acceptor sites (TASs) for TriTryps and found that the average chromatin organization is very similar among them with a mild nucleosome depletion at the TASs, and the same layout is observed in most of the genome. A detailed examination of the nucleosome landscapes resulting from different levels of chromatin digestion in T. brucei shows that an MNase-sensitive complex is protecting the TASs, and it is at least partly composed of histones. Additionally, comparative analysis for single and multi-copy genes in T. cruzi revealed a differential chromatin structure at the TASs suggesting a novel mechanism to guarantee the fidelity of trans-splicing in trypanosomatids.2026-01-01T00:00:00Z20262026-07-11T03:18:14.101Z2026-07-11T03:12:06.859ZS-EPMC129447954174692110.1371/journal.pone.0343367