biostudies-literatureMahrous AANational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNINDS NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthCraig H Neilsen Foundation1906-1917https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12945446biostudies-literatureUnknown18(6)<h4>Background</h4>Neural circuits throughout the CNS can exhibit rebound excitation following prolonged periods of inhibition. However, the potential to control this phenomenon and harness it for clinical applications remains largely unexplored.<h4>Objective</h4>We investigate rebound excitatory responses evoked by spinal cord stimulation (SCS) that can generate functional motor output, providing a testable model of circuit-level rebound excitation relevant to neuromodulation across the CNS.<h4>Methods</h4>Brief (5 s) electrical stimulation trains were delivered to the lumbar spinal cord in adult cats. We recorded intracellular neuronal activity in the cord and EMG and force output from hindlimb muscles.<h4>Results</h4>SCS elicited a robust and long-lasting rebound excitation selectively Brain stimulationPost-inhibitory rebound excitation drives extensor activity following spinal cord stimulation.PMC12945446R37NS135820R37 NS135820599050649297R01NS109552Chardon MKHeckman CJMiller JFMahrous AAJohnson MDfalsePost-inhibitory rebound excitation drives extensor activity following spinal cord stimulation.<h4>Background</h4>Neural circuits throughout the CNS can exhibit rebound excitation following prolonged periods of inhibition. However, the potential to control this phenomenon and harness it for clinical applications remains largely unexplored.<h4>Objective</h4>We investigate rebound excitatory responses evoked by spinal cord stimulation (SCS) that can generate functional motor output, providing a testable model of circuit-level rebound excitation relevant to neuromodulation across the CNS.<h4>Methods</h4>Brief (5 s) electrical stimulation trains were delivered to the lumbar spinal cord in adult cats. We recorded intracellular neuronal activity in the cord and EMG and force output from hindlimb muscles.<h4>Results</h4>SCS elicited a robust and long-lasting rebound excitation selectively 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025 Nov-Dec2026-07-16T22:02:00.143Z2026-07-11T03:09:13.503ZS-EPMC129454464105271110.1016/j.brs.2025.10.004