biostudies-literatureWang ZPrecision Radiotherapy Science and Technology Innovation Team of Yunnan UniversitiesYunnan Fundamental Research Kunming Medical University ProjectsYunnan Fundamental Research ProjectsNational Natural Science Foundation of Chinat535 Talent Project of First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnan Health Training Project of High Level TalentsDoctoral Research Start-up Fund for First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical Universitye70488https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC12947766biostudies-literatureUnknown9(3)<h4>Background</h4>Postsurgical immunotherapy for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains elusive. This study assesses the value and significance of postoperative immunotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced HNSCC.<h4>Methods</h4>In total, 212 patients with locally advanced HNSCC who underwent radical surgery were stratified into three treatment groups: adjuvant radiotherapy alone, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy (PD-1 Ab). A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess survival outcomes and prognostic factors across diverse patient cohorts.<h4>Results</h4>Four patients were lost to follow-up, with a follow-up rate of 98.1% and a median follow-up time of 41 months (IQR 24-68). A total oCancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.)Postoperative Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ± PD-1 Inhibitor for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.PMC129477662023535Q05K123221132021BS00582260462202301AY070001-115202301AT07013082460606H-202423Ge CFu SCui QYGao JLi RHe QCheng SLv LLi YYang YTian RJiang DWang YWang ZXu YfalsePostoperative Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ± PD-1 Inhibitor for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.<h4>Background</h4>Postsurgical immunotherapy for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains elusive. This study assesses the value and significance of postoperative immunotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced HNSCC.<h4>Methods</h4>In total, 212 patients with locally advanced HNSCC who underwent radical surgery were stratified into three treatment groups: adjuvant radiotherapy alone, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy (PD-1 Ab). A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess survival outcomes and prognostic factors across diverse patient cohorts.<h4>Results</h4>Four patients were lost to follow-up, with a follow-up rate of 98.1% and a median follow-up time of 41 months (IQR 24-68). A total o2026-01-01T00:00:00Z2026 Mar2026-07-16T22:28:32.832Z2026-07-11T03:12:03.188ZS-EPMC129477664175807110.1002/cnr2.70488