biostudies-literatureLaouar ANIAID NIH HHS698-706https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC1444945biostudies-literatureUnknown6(7)One unresolved issue in gut immunity is how mucosal T lymphocytes are activated and which antigen-presenting cell (APC) is critical for the regulation of this process. We have identified a unique population of APCs that is exclusively localized in the lamina propria. These APCs constitutively expressed the costimulatory molecule CD70 and had antigen-presenting functions. After oral infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes, proliferation and differentiation of antigen-specific T cells occurred in the gut mucosa in situ and blockade of CD70 costimulation abrogated the mucosal T cell proliferation and effector functions. Thus, a potent CD70-dependent stimulation via specialized tissue-specific APCs is required for the proliferation and differentiation of gut mucosal T cells after oral inNature immunologyCD70+ antigen-presenting cells control the proliferation and differentiation of T cells in the intestinal mucosa.PMC1444945AI46566R21 AI046566R01 AI046566Chaplin DZhinan XLaouar AVargas DManjunath Nvan Lier RAHaridas VfalseCD70+ antigen-presenting cells control the proliferation and differentiation of T cells in the intestinal mucosa.One unresolved issue in gut immunity is how mucosal T lymphocytes are activated and which antigen-presenting cell (APC) is critical for the regulation of this process. We have identified a unique population of APCs that is exclusively localized in the lamina propria. These APCs constitutively expressed the costimulatory molecule CD70 and had antigen-presenting functions. After oral infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes, proliferation and differentiation of antigen-specific T cells occurred in the gut mucosa in situ and blockade of CD70 costimulation abrogated the mucosal T cell proliferation and effector functions. Thus, a potent CD70-dependent stimulation via specialized tissue-specific APCs is required for the proliferation and differentiation of gut mucosal T cells after oral in2005-01-01T00:00:00Z2005 Jul2025-04-27T03:55:12.879Z2019-03-27T01:26:16ZS-EPMC14449451593748610.1038/ni1212