biostudies-literatureUnknown41(7)Nicastri EWhether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) should be modified in patients with persistent increases in CD4(+) T cells despite detectable viral loads is an unresolved question. Forty-three heavily pretreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with virologic failure during HAART were studied before a change of therapy guided by genotypic analysis and during follow-up. Patients with an increase in CD4(+) cell count (>100 cells/ml) over pre-HAART values were considered to be discordant patients (20 individuals), whereas patients with a lower increase or no increase in CD4(+) cell count were considered failing patients (23 individuals). Based on univariate analysis, a high CD4(+) cell count before antiretroviral treatment, homosexual behavior as a risk factor for HIVJournal of clinical microbiology3007-12https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC165358biostudies-literatureHigh prevalence of M184 mutation among patients with viroimmunologic discordant responses to highly active antiretroviral therapy and outcomes after change of therapy guided by genotypic analysis.PMC165358Montano MVullo VConcia Ed'Ettorre GSarmati LGatti FNicastri EUccella IVella SPalmisano LGalluzzo CParisi SGAmici RAndreoni MfalseHigh prevalence of M184 mutation among patients with viroimmunologic discordant responses to highly active antiretroviral therapy and outcomes after change of therapy guided by genotypic analysis.Whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) should be modified in patients with persistent increases in CD4(+) T cells despite detectable viral loads is an unresolved question. Forty-three heavily pretreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with virologic failure during HAART were studied before a change of therapy guided by genotypic analysis and during follow-up. Patients with an increase in CD4(+) cell count (>100 cells/ml) over pre-HAART values were considered to be discordant patients (20 individuals), whereas patients with a lower increase or no increase in CD4(+) cell count were considered failing patients (23 individuals). Based on univariate analysis, a high CD4(+) cell count before antiretroviral treatment, homosexual behavior as a risk factor for HIV2003-01-01T00:00:00Z2003 Jul2025-04-26T15:56:25.869Z2019-03-27T00:35:20ZS-EPMC1653581284303410.1128/jcm.41.7.3007-3012.200310.1128/JCM.41.7.3007-3012.2003