biostudies-literatureUnknown8Gonzalez AM<h4>Background</h4>The out of Africa hypothesis has gained generalized consensus. However, many specific questions remain unsettled. To know whether the two M and N macrohaplogroups that colonized Eurasia were already present in Africa before the exit is puzzling. It has been proposed that the east African clade M1 supports a single origin of haplogroup M in Africa. To test the validity of that hypothesis, the phylogeographic analysis of 13 complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences and 261 partial sequences belonging to haplogroup M1 was carried out.<h4>Results</h4>The coalescence age of the African haplogroup M1 is younger than those for other M Asiatic clades. In contradiction to the hypothesis of an eastern Africa origin for modern human expansions out of Africa, the most ancestral MBMC genomics223https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC1945034biostudies-literatureMitochondrial lineage M1 traces an early human backflow to Africa.PMC1945034Gonzalez AMPestano JAbu-Amero KKCabrera VMLarruga JMShi YfalseMitochondrial lineage M1 traces an early human backflow to Africa.<h4>Background</h4>The out of Africa hypothesis has gained generalized consensus. However, many specific questions remain unsettled. To know whether the two M and N macrohaplogroups that colonized Eurasia were already present in Africa before the exit is puzzling. It has been proposed that the east African clade M1 supports a single origin of haplogroup M in Africa. To test the validity of that hypothesis, the phylogeographic analysis of 13 complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences and 261 partial sequences belonging to haplogroup M1 was carried out.<h4>Results</h4>The coalescence age of the African haplogroup M1 is younger than those for other M Asiatic clades. In contradiction to the hypothesis of an eastern Africa origin for modern human expansions out of Africa, the most ancestral M2007-01-01T00:00:00Z2007 Jul2026-03-31T11:16:54.356Z2019-03-27T02:21:16ZS-EPMC19450341762014010.1186/1471-2164-8-223