biostudies-literatureUnknown104(35)Jounai NAutophagy is an essential process for physiological homeostasis, but its role in viral infection is only beginning to be elucidated. We show here that the Atg5-Atg12 conjugate, a key regulator of the autophagic process, plays an important role in innate antiviral immune responses. Atg5-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were resistant to vesicular stomatitis virus replication, which was largely due to hyperproduction of type I interferons in response to immunostimulatory RNA (isRNA), such as virus-derived, double-stranded, or 5'-phosphorylated RNA. Similar hyperresponse to isRNA was also observed in Atg7-deficient MEFs, in which Atg5-Atg12 conjugation is impaired. Overexpression of Atg5 or Atg12 resulted in Atg5-Atg12 conjugate formation and suppression of isRNA-mediated signalinProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America14050-5https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC1955809biostudies-literatureThe Atg5 Atg12 conjugate associates with innate antiviral immune responses.PMC1955809Miyawaki ATakeshita FSawano AIshii KJOkuda KKobiyama KJounai NKawai TAkira SSuzuki KXin KQfalseThe Atg5 Atg12 conjugate associates with innate antiviral immune responses.Autophagy is an essential process for physiological homeostasis, but its role in viral infection is only beginning to be elucidated. We show here that the Atg5-Atg12 conjugate, a key regulator of the autophagic process, plays an important role in innate antiviral immune responses. Atg5-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were resistant to vesicular stomatitis virus replication, which was largely due to hyperproduction of type I interferons in response to immunostimulatory RNA (isRNA), such as virus-derived, double-stranded, or 5'-phosphorylated RNA. Similar hyperresponse to isRNA was also observed in Atg7-deficient MEFs, in which Atg5-Atg12 conjugation is impaired. Overexpression of Atg5 or Atg12 resulted in Atg5-Atg12 conjugate formation and suppression of isRNA-mediated signalin2007-01-01T00:00:00Z2007 Aug2026-07-15T11:26:59.169Z2025-08-31T03:08:47.065ZS-EPMC19558091770974710.1073/pnas.0704014104