biostudies-literatureChristiansen GAustrian Science Fund FWFNIEHS NIH HHS3822-31https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC3147517biostudies-literatureUnknown193(15)Anabaenopeptins (AP) are bioactive cyclic hexapeptides synthesized nonribosomally in cyanobacteria. APs are characterized by several conserved motifs, including the ureido bond, N-methylation in position 5, and d-Lys in position 2. All other positions of the AP molecule are variable, resulting in numerous structural variants. We have identified a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) operon from Planktothrix agardhii strain CYA126/8 consisting of five genes (apnA to apnE) encoding six NRPS modules and have confirmed its role in AP synthesis by the generation of a mutant via insertional inactivation of apnC. In order to correlate the genetic diversity among adenylation domains (A domains) with AP structure variation, we sequenced the A domains of all six NRPS modules from seven PlanktothriJournal of bacteriologyGenetic variation of adenylation domains of the anabaenopeptin synthesis operon and evolution of substrate promiscuity.PMC3147517P50ES012740P 20231P50 ES012740Hemscheidt TChristiansen GKurmayer RPhilmus BfalseGenetic variation of adenylation domains of the anabaenopeptin synthesis operon and evolution of substrate promiscuity.Anabaenopeptins (AP) are bioactive cyclic hexapeptides synthesized nonribosomally in cyanobacteria. APs are characterized by several conserved motifs, including the ureido bond, N-methylation in position 5, and d-Lys in position 2. All other positions of the AP molecule are variable, resulting in numerous structural variants. We have identified a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) operon from Planktothrix agardhii strain CYA126/8 consisting of five genes (apnA to apnE) encoding six NRPS modules and have confirmed its role in AP synthesis by the generation of a mutant via insertional inactivation of apnC. In order to correlate the genetic diversity among adenylation domains (A domains) with AP structure variation, we sequenced the A domains of all six NRPS modules from seven Planktothri2011-01-01T00:00:00Z2011 Aug2026-04-30T20:03:33.495Z2019-03-27T03:07:35ZS-EPMC31475172162274010.1128/jb.00360-1110.1128/JB.00360-11