biostudies-literatureUnknown1(1)Ohrfelt A<h4>Background</h4>Novel biomarkers are important for identifying as well as differentiating subcortical vascular dementia (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at an early stage in the disease process.<h4>Methods</h4>In two independent cohorts, a multiplex immunoassay was utilized to analyze 90 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from dementia patients and patients at risk of developing dementia (mild cognitive impairment).<h4>Results</h4>The levels of several CSF proteins were increased in SVD and its incipient state, and in moderate-to-severe AD compared with the control group. In contrast, some CSF proteins were altered in AD, but not in SVD. The levels of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) were consistently increased in all groups with dementia but only in some of their incipient states.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In summary, these results support the notion that SVD and AD are driven by different pathophysiological mechanisms reflected in the CSF protein profile and that H-FABP in CSF is a general marker of neurodegeneration.Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra31-42https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC3199889biostudies-literatureScreening for new biomarkers for subcortical vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.PMC3199889Simon ADevanarayan VWallin AHolder DPotter WSmith ADAndreasson UZetterberg HEdman ASeeburger JOhrfelt ABlennow KfalseScreening for new biomarkers for subcortical vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.<h4>Background</h4>Novel biomarkers are important for identifying as well as differentiating subcortical vascular dementia (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at an early stage in the disease process.<h4>Methods</h4>In two independent cohorts, a multiplex immunoassay was utilized to analyze 90 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from dementia patients and patients at risk of developing dementia (mild cognitive impairment).<h4>Results</h4>The levels of several CSF proteins were increased in SVD and its incipient state, and in moderate-to-severe AD compared with the control group. In contrast, some CSF proteins were altered in AD, but not in SVD. The levels of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) were consistently increased in all groups with dementia but only in some of their incipient states.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In summary, these results support the notion that SVD and AD are driven by different pathophysiological mechanisms reflected in the CSF protein profile and that H-FABP in CSF is a general marker of neurodegeneration.2011-01-01T00:00:00Z2011 Jan2025-07-02T03:05:02.053Z2025-07-02T03:05:02.053ZS-EPMC31998892216323110.1159/000323417