biostudies-literatureFarbstein DBSFNIDDK NIH HHSNIHJDRF240-4https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC3200506biostudies-literatureUnknown219(1)<h4>Objective</h4>Vitamin E provides cardiovascular protection to individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype but appears to increase cardiovascular risk in individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-1 genotype. We have previously demonstrated that the haptoglobin protein is associated with HDL and that HDL function and its oxidative modification are haptoglobin genotype dependent. We set out to test the hypothesis that the pharmacogenetic interaction between the haptoglobin genotype on cardiovascular risk might be secondary to a parallel interaction between the haptoglobin genotype and vitamin E on HDL function.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>Fifty-nine individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-1 or 2-2 genotypes were studied in a double-blind placebo controlAtherosclerosisVitamin E therapy results in a reduction in HDL function in individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-1 genotype.PMC3200506R01 DK085226RO1DK085226R01DK085226Laor ALevy YAbbas NAsaf RAnbinder YTavori HFarbstein DPollak MVardi MStar MVaya JMiller-Lotan RMoskovich DOzeri DLache OPerry NLevy APAsleh RBlum SViener HLBarkay ISchwartz AKalet-Littman SBucher SEfalseVitamin E therapy results in a reduction in HDL function in individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-1 genotype.<h4>Objective</h4>Vitamin E provides cardiovascular protection to individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype but appears to increase cardiovascular risk in individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-1 genotype. We have previously demonstrated that the haptoglobin protein is associated with HDL and that HDL function and its oxidative modification are haptoglobin genotype dependent. We set out to test the hypothesis that the pharmacogenetic interaction between the haptoglobin genotype on cardiovascular risk might be secondary to a parallel interaction between the haptoglobin genotype and vitamin E on HDL function.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>Fifty-nine individuals with diabetes and the haptoglobin 2-1 or 2-2 genotypes were studied in a double-blind placebo control2011-01-01T00:00:00Z2011 Nov2026-05-04T22:15:38.168Z2019-03-26T23:05:21ZS-EPMC32005062172289810.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.005