{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["98(9)"],"submitter":["Zhu P"],"pubmed_abstract":["The genetic variability at six polymorphic loci was examined within a global collection of 502 isolates of subgroup III, serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis. Nine \"genoclouds\" were identified, consisting of genotypes that were isolated repeatedly plus 48 descendent genotypes that were isolated rarely. These genoclouds have caused three pandemic waves of disease since the mid-1960s, the most recent of which was imported from East Asia to Europe and Africa in the mid-1990s. Many of the genotypes are escape variants, resulting from positive selection that we attribute to herd immunity. Despite positive selection, most escape variants are less fit than their parents and are lost because of competition and bottlenecks during spread from country to country. Competition between fit genotypes resul"],"journal":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"],"pagination":["5234-9"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC33193"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Fit genotypes and escape variants of subgroup III Neisseria meningitidis during three pandemics of epidemic meningitis."],"pmcid":["PMC33193"],"pubmed_authors":["Linz B","Nicolas P","Schuurman IG","Zurth K","Achtman M","Morelli G","Platonov AE","Adegbola RA","Riou JY","Zhu P","van der Ende A","Gagneux S","Brieske N","Falush D","Caugant DA","Popovic T"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Fit genotypes and escape variants of subgroup III Neisseria meningitidis during three pandemics of epidemic meningitis.","description":"The genetic variability at six polymorphic loci was examined within a global collection of 502 isolates of subgroup III, serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis. Nine \"genoclouds\" were identified, consisting of genotypes that were isolated repeatedly plus 48 descendent genotypes that were isolated rarely. These genoclouds have caused three pandemic waves of disease since the mid-1960s, the most recent of which was imported from East Asia to Europe and Africa in the mid-1990s. Many of the genotypes are escape variants, resulting from positive selection that we attribute to herd immunity. Despite positive selection, most escape variants are less fit than their parents and are lost because of competition and bottlenecks during spread from country to country. Competition between fit genotypes resul","dates":{"release":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2001 Apr","modification":"2026-05-30T11:18:37.6Z","creation":"2019-03-27T00:17:58Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC33193","cross_references":{"pubmed":["11287631"],"doi":["10.1073/pnas.061386098"]}}