biostudies-literatureSathe KWellcome Trust3336-47https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC3501971biostudies-literatureUnknown135(Pt 11)Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that can, at least partly, be mimicked by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. S100B is a calcium-binding protein expressed in, and secreted by, astrocytes. There is increasing evidence that S100B acts as a cytokine or damage-associated molecular pattern protein not only in inflammatory but also in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we show that S100B protein levels were higher in post-mortem substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with control tissue, and cerebrospinal fluid S100B levels were higher in a large cohort of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with controls. Correspondingly, mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine showed upregulated S100B mesBrain : a journal of neurologyS100B is increased in Parkinson's disease and ablation protects against MPTP-induced toxicity through the RAGE and TNF-α pathway.PMC3501971WT080782MFMustafa SMaetzler WSathe KLang JDMartin HLTeismann PSchulte CBerg DSynofzik MMounsey RBFleckenstein CVukovic ZItohara SfalseS100B is increased in Parkinson's disease and ablation protects against MPTP-induced toxicity through the RAGE and TNF-α pathway.Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that can, at least partly, be mimicked by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. S100B is a calcium-binding protein expressed in, and secreted by, astrocytes. There is increasing evidence that S100B acts as a cytokine or damage-associated molecular pattern protein not only in inflammatory but also in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we show that S100B protein levels were higher in post-mortem substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with control tissue, and cerebrospinal fluid S100B levels were higher in a large cohort of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with controls. Correspondingly, mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine showed upregulated S100B mes2012-01-01T00:00:00Z2012 Nov2026-05-02T09:21:47.625Z2025-07-09T03:05:13.908ZS-EPMC35019712316992110.1093/brain/aws250