biostudies-literatureMoss JANICHD NIH HHSNIAID NIH HHS5125-35https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4135875biostudies-literatureUnknown58(9)Preexposure prophylaxis using oral regimens involving the HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) demonstrated efficacy in three clinical trials. Adherence was determined to be a key parameter for success. Incorporation of the TDF-FTC combination into intravaginal rings (IVRs) for sustained mucosal delivery could increase product adherence and efficacy compared with those of oral and vaginal gel formulations. A novel pod-IVR technology capable of delivering multiple drugs is described; this constitutes the first report of an IVR delivering TDF and FTC, as well as a triple-combination IVR delivering TDF, FTC, and the entry inhibitor maraviroc (MVC). The pharmacokinetics and preliminary local safety of the two combination poAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapyPharmacokinetics and preliminary safety study of pod-intravaginal rings delivering antiretroviral combinations for HIV prophylaxis in a macaque model.PMC4135875R33 AI079791R44 AI081552R33AI079791R43AI098743R43 HD075636R44AI081552R01AI100744R43HD075636R01 AI100744Dinh CTLopez GMoss JABrooks AASmith JMSrinivasan PSmith TJBaum MMButkyavichene IMartin AfalsePharmacokinetics and preliminary safety study of pod-intravaginal rings delivering antiretroviral combinations for HIV prophylaxis in a macaque model.Preexposure prophylaxis using oral regimens involving the HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) demonstrated efficacy in three clinical trials. Adherence was determined to be a key parameter for success. Incorporation of the TDF-FTC combination into intravaginal rings (IVRs) for sustained mucosal delivery could increase product adherence and efficacy compared with those of oral and vaginal gel formulations. A novel pod-IVR technology capable of delivering multiple drugs is described; this constitutes the first report of an IVR delivering TDF and FTC, as well as a triple-combination IVR delivering TDF, FTC, and the entry inhibitor maraviroc (MVC). The pharmacokinetics and preliminary local safety of the two combination po2014-01-01T00:00:00Z2014 Sep2025-04-22T00:58:13.713Z2019-03-27T01:34:14ZS-EPMC41358752493659410.1128/aac.02871-1410.1128/AAC.02871-14