biostudies-literatureHoefer MMNIDA NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHSNINDS NIH HHSNIH221-34https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4370186biostudies-literatureUnknown263Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is frequent in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and is suspected to aggravate HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). METH is a psychostimulant that compromises several neurotransmitter systems and HIV proteins trigger neuronal injury but the combined effects of viral infection and METH abuse are incompletely understood. In this study we treated transgenic mice expressing the HIV envelope protein gp120 in the brain (HIV-1 gp120tg) at 3-4 months of age with an escalating-dose, multiple-binge METH regimen. The long-term effects were analyzed after 6-7 months of drug abstinence employing behavioral tests and analysis of neuropathology, electrophysiology and gene expression. Behavioral testing showed that both HIV-1 gp12Experimental neurologyCombination of methamphetamine and HIV-1 gp120 causes distinct long-term alterations of behavior, gene expression, and injury in the central nervous system.PMC4370186P50 DA026306P30 NS057096R01 MH087332R03 DA029480P30 NS076411R03 DA02948R25 MH081482Sanchez ABPina-Crespo JRoberts AJHoefer MMZhang DKaul MMaung Rde Rozieres CMDowling CCCatalan ICThaney VEfalseCombination of methamphetamine and HIV-1 gp120 causes distinct long-term alterations of behavior, gene expression, and injury in the central nervous system.Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is frequent in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and is suspected to aggravate HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). METH is a psychostimulant that compromises several neurotransmitter systems and HIV proteins trigger neuronal injury but the combined effects of viral infection and METH abuse are incompletely understood. In this study we treated transgenic mice expressing the HIV envelope protein gp120 in the brain (HIV-1 gp120tg) at 3-4 months of age with an escalating-dose, multiple-binge METH regimen. The long-term effects were analyzed after 6-7 months of drug abstinence employing behavioral tests and analysis of neuropathology, electrophysiology and gene expression. Behavioral testing showed that both HIV-1 gp122015-01-01T00:00:00Z2015 Jan2025-04-05T07:17:53.444Z2020-11-07T09:50:21ZS-EPMC43701862524622810.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.010