biostudies-literatureFrancica JRCCR NIH HHSNCI NIH HHS6565https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4403371biostudies-literatureUnknown6Developing predictive animal models to assess how candidate vaccines and infection influence the ontogenies of Envelope (Env)-specific antibodies is critical for the development of an HIV vaccine. Here we use two nonhuman primate models to compare the roles of antigen persistence, diversity and innate immunity. We perform longitudinal analyses of HIV Env-specific B-cell receptor responses to SHIV(AD8) infection and Env protein vaccination with eight different adjuvants. A subset of the SHIV(AD8)-infected animals with higher viral loads and greater Env diversity show increased neutralization associated with increasing somatic hypermutation (SHM) levels over time. The use of adjuvants results in increased ELISA titres but does not affect the mean SHM levels or CDR H3 lengths. Our study showsNature communicationsAnalysis of immunoglobulin transcripts and hypermutation following SHIV(AD8) infection and protein-plus-adjuvant immunization.PMC4403371HHSN261200800001EHHSN261200800001CYoung AShingai MSchmidt BBouffard GMasiello CDekhtyar MNishimura YLynch RMDe Gregorio ESingh MGupta JO'Hagan DTMcDowell JSheng ZSison CKepler TBBrooks SPark MYamamoto TFrancica JRMalyala PDarko SShapiro LColeman HSeder RAMaduro QNISC Comparative Sequencing ProgramBarnabas BVemulapalli MDouek DCMontemayor CWolinsky DMullikin JKeele BFRiebow NThomas JKoup RALegaspi RThomas PBarnett SWSchandler KFlynn BJHo SLValiante NMMaskeri BBlakesley RMartin MASchmidt SDMatus-Nicodemos RStantripop MZhang ZMascola JRGuan XNason MHan JGregory MRamesh AfalseAnalysis of immunoglobulin transcripts and hypermutation following SHIV(AD8) infection and protein-plus-adjuvant immunization.Developing predictive animal models to assess how candidate vaccines and infection influence the ontogenies of Envelope (Env)-specific antibodies is critical for the development of an HIV vaccine. Here we use two nonhuman primate models to compare the roles of antigen persistence, diversity and innate immunity. We perform longitudinal analyses of HIV Env-specific B-cell receptor responses to SHIV(AD8) infection and Env protein vaccination with eight different adjuvants. A subset of the SHIV(AD8)-infected animals with higher viral loads and greater Env diversity show increased neutralization associated with increasing somatic hypermutation (SHM) levels over time. The use of adjuvants results in increased ELISA titres but does not affect the mean SHM levels or CDR H3 lengths. Our study shows2015-01-01T00:00:00Z2015 Apr2026-04-13T21:09:33.944Z2019-03-27T01:50:12ZS-EPMC44033712585815710.1038/ncomms7565