biostudies-literatureColomb JSwiss National Science FoundationDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftNIH HHSe1971https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4860329biostudies-literatureUnknown4Tethering a fly for stationary flight allows for exquisite control of its sensory input, such as visual or olfactory stimuli or a punishing infrared laser beam. A torque meter measures the turning attempts of the tethered fly around its vertical body axis. By punishing, say, left turning attempts (in a homogeneous environment), one can train a fly to restrict its behaviour to right turning attempts. It was recently discovered that this form of operant conditioning (called operant self-learning), may constitute a form of motor learning in Drosophila. Previous work had shown that Protein Kinase C (PKC) and the transcription factor dFoxP were specifically involved in self-learning, but not in other forms of learning. These molecules are specifically involved in various forms of motor learningPeerJPKC in motorneurons underlies self-learning, a form of motor learning in Drosophila.PMC4860329BR 1892/7-1DFG:BR 1892/6-1SNF: PAOOP3_124141124141P40 OD018537Brembs BColomb JfalsePKC in motorneurons underlies self-learning, a form of motor learning in Drosophila.Tethering a fly for stationary flight allows for exquisite control of its sensory input, such as visual or olfactory stimuli or a punishing infrared laser beam. A torque meter measures the turning attempts of the tethered fly around its vertical body axis. By punishing, say, left turning attempts (in a homogeneous environment), one can train a fly to restrict its behaviour to right turning attempts. It was recently discovered that this form of operant conditioning (called operant self-learning), may constitute a form of motor learning in Drosophila. Previous work had shown that Protein Kinase C (PKC) and the transcription factor dFoxP were specifically involved in self-learning, but not in other forms of learning. These molecules are specifically involved in various forms of motor learning2016-01-01T00:00:00Z20162025-04-22T04:15:09.541Z2019-03-27T02:13:15ZS-EPMC48603292716898010.7717/peerj.1971