biostudies-literaturePerez-Santiago JNIDA NIH HHSNCRR NIH HHSNIAID NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHS191-200https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4862614biostudies-literatureUnknown22(2)Cell-free mitochondiral DNA (mtDNA) is an immunogenic molecule associated with many inflammatory conditions. We evaluated the relationship between cell-free mtDNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neurocognitive performance and inflammation during HIV infection. In a cross-sectional analysis, we evaluated the association of mtDNA levels with clinical assessments, inflammatory markers, and neurocognitive performance in 28 HIV-infected individuals. In CSF, we measured mtDNA levels by droplet digital PCR, and soluble CD14 and CD163, neurofilament light, and neopterin by ELISA. In blood and CSF, we measured soluble IP-10, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 by ELISA, and intracellular expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells by flow cytometry. We also evaluated the relationship betwJournal of neurovirologyCell-free mitochondrial DNA in CSF is associated with early viral rebound, inflammation, and severity of neurocognitive deficits in HIV infection.PMC4862614P50 DA026306P30 MH062512K24 MH097673K24 AI100665DA026306AI100665S10 RR031646AI036214MH101012MH081482R25 MH081482MH0625121S10RR031646-01T32 AI007384P30 AI036214K23 AI055276DP1 DA034978AI007384AI093163K23 AI093163R01 MH101012MH097673Schrier RDPerez-Santiago JMassanella MSuben JDCherner MSmith DMRamirez-Gaona MMurrell BEllis RJGianella Sde Oliveira MFVar SRDay TRMehta SRLetendre SLfalseCell-free mitochondrial DNA in CSF is associated with early viral rebound, inflammation, and severity of neurocognitive deficits in HIV infection.Cell-free mitochondiral DNA (mtDNA) is an immunogenic molecule associated with many inflammatory conditions. We evaluated the relationship between cell-free mtDNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neurocognitive performance and inflammation during HIV infection. In a cross-sectional analysis, we evaluated the association of mtDNA levels with clinical assessments, inflammatory markers, and neurocognitive performance in 28 HIV-infected individuals. In CSF, we measured mtDNA levels by droplet digital PCR, and soluble CD14 and CD163, neurofilament light, and neopterin by ELISA. In blood and CSF, we measured soluble IP-10, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 by ELISA, and intracellular expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells by flow cytometry. We also evaluated the relationship betw2016-01-01T00:00:00Z2016 Apr2025-06-01T12:25:31.371Z2019-03-27T02:13:25ZS-EPMC48626142642851410.1007/s13365-015-0384-5