{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["6"],"submitter":["Ku MC"],"pubmed_abstract":["Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. Estrogenization of circulating insulin may occur and affect its molecular functioning. Here, the chemical reactivity of CEs towards specific amino acid residues of proteins and the structural and functional changes induced by the estrogenization of insulin were studied using cyclic voltammetry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, molecular modeling, and bioassays. Our results indicate that CEs, namely, 2- and 4-hydroxyl estrogens, were thermodynamically and kinetically more reactive than the catechol moiety. Upon co-incubation, intact insulin formed a substantial number of adducts with o"],"journal":["Scientific reports"],"pagination":["28804"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4926285"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes."],"pmcid":["PMC4926285"],"pubmed_authors":["Fang CM","Liang HC","Wu CH","Chen CC","Ku MC","Cheng JT","Tai JH","Chen SH","Wang TF"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes.","description":"Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. Estrogenization of circulating insulin may occur and affect its molecular functioning. Here, the chemical reactivity of CEs towards specific amino acid residues of proteins and the structural and functional changes induced by the estrogenization of insulin were studied using cyclic voltammetry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, molecular modeling, and bioassays. Our results indicate that CEs, namely, 2- and 4-hydroxyl estrogens, were thermodynamically and kinetically more reactive than the catechol moiety. Upon co-incubation, intact insulin formed a substantial number of adducts with o","dates":{"release":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2016 Jun","modification":"2026-05-30T13:13:00.8Z","creation":"2019-03-27T02:17:10Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC4926285","cross_references":{"pubmed":["27353345"],"doi":["10.1038/srep28804"]}}