biostudies-literatureUnknown7(3)Patel PHepatocellular carcinoma is on the rise and occurs in the setting of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Though treatment modalities are available, mortality from this cancer remains high. Medical therapy with the utilization of biologic compounds such as the Food and Drug Administration approved sorafenib might be the only option that can increase survival. Immunotherapy, with modern pharmacologic developments, is a new frontier in cancer therapy and therefore the immunobiology of hepatocarcinogenesis is under investigation. This review will discuss current concepts of immunobiology in hepatocarcinogenesis along with current treatment modalities employing immunotherapy. The tumor microenvironment along with a variety of immune cells coexists and interplays to lead to tumorigenesis. TumorWorld journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology242-55https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC4981764biostudies-literatureImmunobiology of hepatocarcinogenesis: Ways to go or almost there?PMC4981764Patel PPyrsopoulos NSchutzer SEfalseImmunobiology of hepatocarcinogenesis: Ways to go or almost there?Hepatocellular carcinoma is on the rise and occurs in the setting of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Though treatment modalities are available, mortality from this cancer remains high. Medical therapy with the utilization of biologic compounds such as the Food and Drug Administration approved sorafenib might be the only option that can increase survival. Immunotherapy, with modern pharmacologic developments, is a new frontier in cancer therapy and therefore the immunobiology of hepatocarcinogenesis is under investigation. This review will discuss current concepts of immunobiology in hepatocarcinogenesis along with current treatment modalities employing immunotherapy. The tumor microenvironment along with a variety of immune cells coexists and interplays to lead to tumorigenesis. Tumor2016-01-01T00:00:00Z2016 Aug2025-04-26T21:59:25.906Z2019-03-27T02:20:28ZS-EPMC49817642757456210.4291/wjgp.v7.i3.242