biostudies-literatureSpaethling JMNIMH NIH HHSNIH Single Cell Analysis Program791-803https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5316103biostudies-literatureUnknown18(3)Investigation of human CNS disease and drug effects has been hampered by the lack of a system that enables single-cell analysis of live adult patient brain cells. We developed a culturing system, based on a papain-aided procedure, for resected adult human brain tissue removed during neurosurgery. We performed single-cell transcriptomics on over 300 cells, permitting identification of oligodendrocytes, microglia, neurons, endothelial cells, and astrocytes after 3 weeks in culture. Using deep sequencing, we detected over 12,000 expressed genes, including hundreds of cell-type-enriched mRNAs, lncRNAs and pri-miRNAs. We describe cell-type- and patient-specific transcriptional hierarchies. Single-cell transcriptomics on cultured live adult patient derived cells is a prime example of the promiseCell reportsPrimary Cell Culture of Live Neurosurgically Resected Aged Adult Human Brain Cells and Single Cell Transcriptomics.PMC5316103R33 MH106637U01 MH098953MH106637Sul JYGrady MSSpaethling JMLucas THLee JChen HIDueck HNa YJBell TJKhaladkar MKim JWang JWolf JAFisher SAUlyanova AVKung DKBaltuch GHGarcia MPO'Rourke DMBartfai TStefanik DEberwine JHBrem SfalsePrimary Cell Culture of Live Neurosurgically Resected Aged Adult Human Brain Cells and Single Cell Transcriptomics.Investigation of human CNS disease and drug effects has been hampered by the lack of a system that enables single-cell analysis of live adult patient brain cells. We developed a culturing system, based on a papain-aided procedure, for resected adult human brain tissue removed during neurosurgery. We performed single-cell transcriptomics on over 300 cells, permitting identification of oligodendrocytes, microglia, neurons, endothelial cells, and astrocytes after 3 weeks in culture. Using deep sequencing, we detected over 12,000 expressed genes, including hundreds of cell-type-enriched mRNAs, lncRNAs and pri-miRNAs. We describe cell-type- and patient-specific transcriptional hierarchies. Single-cell transcriptomics on cultured live adult patient derived cells is a prime example of the promise2017-01-01T00:00:00Z2017 Jan2026-04-14T09:35:56.922Z2019-03-27T02:36:50ZS-EPMC53161032809985510.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.066