biostudies-literatureUnknown56(1)Bain AAlthough Ficus-associated wasp fauna have been extensively researched in Australasia, information on these fauna in Taiwan is not well accessible to scientists worldwide. In this study, we compiled records on the Ficus flora of Taiwan and its associated wasp fauna. Initial agronomic research reports on Ficus were published in Japanese in 1917, followed by reports on applied biochemistry, taxonomy, and phenology in Chinese. On the basis of the phenological knowledge of 15 species of the Ficus flora of Taiwan, recent research has examined the pollinating and nonpollinating agaonid and chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Updating records according to the current nomenclature revealed that there are 30 taxa (27 species) of native or naturalized Ficus with an unusually high proportion ofBotanical studies11https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5432906biostudies-literatureFicus (Moraceae) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Taiwan.PMC5432906Chou LSTzeng HYWu WJBain AfalseFicus (Moraceae) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Taiwan.Although Ficus-associated wasp fauna have been extensively researched in Australasia, information on these fauna in Taiwan is not well accessible to scientists worldwide. In this study, we compiled records on the Ficus flora of Taiwan and its associated wasp fauna. Initial agronomic research reports on Ficus were published in Japanese in 1917, followed by reports on applied biochemistry, taxonomy, and phenology in Chinese. On the basis of the phenological knowledge of 15 species of the Ficus flora of Taiwan, recent research has examined the pollinating and nonpollinating agaonid and chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Updating records according to the current nomenclature revealed that there are 30 taxa (27 species) of native or naturalized Ficus with an unusually high proportion of2015-01-01T00:00:00Z2015 Dec2026-07-09T10:15:49.242Z2026-07-09T10:13:58.052ZS-EPMC54329062851082010.1186/s40529-015-0090-x