biostudies-literatureBirmann BMNCI NIH HHS876-885https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5457306biostudies-literatureUnknown26(6)<b>Background:</b> Multiple myeloma risk increases with higher adult body mass index (BMI). Emerging evidence also supports an association of young adult BMI with multiple myeloma. We undertook a pooled analysis of eight case-control studies to further evaluate anthropometric multiple myeloma risk factors, including young adult BMI.<b>Methods:</b> We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis of usual adult anthropometric measures of 2,318 multiple myeloma cases and 9,609 controls, and of young adult BMI (age 25 or 30 years) for 1,164 cases and 3,629 controls.<b>Results:</b> In the pooled sample, multiple myeloma risk was positively associated with usual adult BMI; risk increased 9% per 5-kg/m² increase in BMI [OR, 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-1.14; <i>P</i> = 0.007]. We observed significant heterogeneity by study design (<i>P</i> = 0.04), noting the BMI-multiple myeloma association only for population-based studies (<i>P</i>_trend = 0.0003). Young adult BMI was also positively associated with multiple myeloma (per 5-kg/m²; OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3; <i>P</i> = 0.0002). Furthermore, we observed strong evidence of interaction between younger and usual adult BMI (<i>P</i>_interaction <0.0001); we noted statistically significant associations with multiple myeloma for persons overweight (25-<30 kg/m²) or obese (30+ kg/m²) in both younger and usual adulthood (vs. individuals consistently <25 kg/m²), but not for those overweight or obese at only one time period.<b>Conclusions:</b> BMI-associated increases in multiple myeloma risk were highest for individuals who were overweight or obese throughout adulthood.<b>Impact:</b> These findings provide the strongest evidence to date that earlier and later adult BMI may increase multiple myeloma risk and suggest that healthy BMI maintenance throughout life may confer an added benefit of multiple myeloma prevention. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(6); 876-85. ©2017 AACR</i>.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive OncologyYoung Adult and Usual Adult Body Mass Index and Multiple Myeloma Risk: A Pooled Analysis in the International Multiple Myeloma Consortium (IMMC).PMC5457306P30 CA042014K07 CA115687P30 CA014089P30 CA086862R01 CA149445R13 CA159842R21 CA198239R01 CA127435Becker NWeisenburger DSpinelli JJDe Roos AJBhatti PForetova LAndreotti GBrown EEBirmann BMBaris DGiles GGChiu BCHCostas Lde Sanjose SCozen WCamp NJMoysich KBrennan PPurdue MPStaines AMaynadie MBenhaim-Luzon VZhang YBoffetta PTricot GNieters ACocco PfalseYoung Adult and Usual Adult Body Mass Index and Multiple Myeloma Risk: A Pooled Analysis in the International Multiple Myeloma Consortium (IMMC).<b>Background:</b> Multiple myeloma risk increases with higher adult body mass index (BMI). Emerging evidence also supports an association of young adult BMI with multiple myeloma. We undertook a pooled analysis of eight case-control studies to further evaluate anthropometric multiple myeloma risk factors, including young adult BMI.<b>Methods:</b> We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis of usual adult anthropometric measures of 2,318 multiple myeloma cases and 9,609 controls, and of young adult BMI (age 25 or 30 years) for 1,164 cases and 3,629 controls.<b>Results:</b> In the pooled sample, multiple myeloma risk was positively associated with usual adult BMI; risk increased 9% per 5-kg/m² increase in BMI [OR, 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-1.14; <i>P</i> = 0.007]. We observed significant heterogeneity by study design (<i>P</i> = 0.04), noting the BMI-multiple myeloma association only for population-based studies (<i>P</i>_trend = 0.0003). Young adult BMI was also positively associated with multiple myeloma (per 5-kg/m²; OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3; <i>P</i> = 0.0002). Furthermore, we observed strong evidence of interaction between younger and usual adult BMI (<i>P</i>_interaction <0.0001); we noted statistically significant associations with multiple myeloma for persons overweight (25-<30 kg/m²) or obese (30+ kg/m²) in both younger and usual adulthood (vs. individuals consistently <25 kg/m²), but not for those overweight or obese at only one time period.<b>Conclusions:</b> BMI-associated increases in multiple myeloma risk were highest for individuals who were overweight or obese throughout adulthood.<b>Impact:</b> These findings provide the strongest evidence to date that earlier and later adult BMI may increase multiple myeloma risk and suggest that healthy BMI maintenance throughout life may confer an added benefit of multiple myeloma prevention. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(6); 876-85. ©2017 AACR</i>.2017-01-01T00:00:00Z2017 Jun2024-11-19T14:42:23.919Z2019-03-26T23:38:45ZS-EPMC54573062822343010.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0762-T10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0762-t