biostudies-literatureDCCT/EDIC Research GroupNCATS NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHS1507-1516https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5557280biostudies-literatureUnknown376(16)<h4>Background</h4>In patients who have had type 1 diabetes for 5 years, current recommendations regarding screening for diabetic retinopathy include annual dilated retinal examinations to detect proliferative retinopathy or clinically significant macular edema, both of which require timely intervention to preserve vision. During 30 years of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and its longitudinal follow-up Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, retinal photography was performed at intervals of 6 months to 4 years.<h4>Methods</h4>We used retinal photographs from the DCCT/EDIC study to develop a rational screening frequency for retinopathy. Markov modeling was used to determine the likelihood of progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathThe New England journal of medicineFrequency of Evidence-Based Screening for Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes.PMC5557280U01 DK094176P30 DK036836U01 DK094157P30 DK017047UL1 TR001863Goetz FPetty BBlevins ARubin MOstrowski DHramiak IPaterson ADrash ABeaser RMortenson JMonnier VPendegast SBudoff MBrucker ABurgess DMech MGaston PStrauch CJenkins AKendall DCupelli ESharuk GNovak MHornbeck DSingerman LGalprin ACrofford OMandelcorn MSandstrom DReed RLevy BRogness BHolt SStoner JBrent MDarabian SSchwenk WFWeingeist TGunyou KFreking DWarhol RMiller DMay MSantiago JSilvers NWong NO’Leary DWessells HKlein RHaggan CKruger DArrigg PKinyoun JKlumpp KMolitch MOlsen KLima JSell DDriscoll MTuason LZimmerman BLambeth HChaum EDetrano RSheindlin JBurge MROlson NMaschak-Carey BJOlson SQuin JDavis MDunn RGoldstein DAgarwal AChen ZCarter RWarnicki JNelson JBrown-Friday JColwell JHotaling JGangaputra SMartinez HLeloudes NOstrosaka PSpencer MOlson BLachin JMJarboe RBode HOlson JTamborlane WBebu IJohnson MThoma FGott JFritz SBestourous LDupre JSteranchak LAhern JMestrezat WSimjanoski ELyons TJBayless MBluemke DJohnson CAvery RBSarma AHarris RSelby JYoser SKiss SBergenstal RBasco MPrineas RPhillips MMcConnell JRicks HBurkhart NAnderson KReppucci VEtzwiler DBhan AFeman SGatcomb PStevens CHansen KSalemi POng MAnderson ESchrott HCanady JLLiu CCaulder SShah SSoliman EZGordon JFeldman ELNickander KShah GDCCT/EDIC Research GroupPavan PRFinegold DRinkoff JFox MMoran MPrince MVaccaro-Kish JSandford TVirella GDanis RPfiefer MCounts DSheidow TKeasler LOudiz RAlbers JWYounes NBacklund JRyan CBourne PALyons TWolpert HRyan DMoser SKramer JWoodfill TFahlstrom RWoodwick RFarr ACercone SO’Donnell CThomas AConwit RBabbione LBratkowksi MThomas LChristofi MPugsley PThomas MEdwards PAThomas SGrove NPalmert MBarr MStevens MJDevenyi RCatton SWeimann ELindsey PChang SJaffa AKenny DMaynard JCallahan PBaker LColson SPittman CWood DShipe CDingledine JMudaliar SSchaefer BOssorio PFarquhar JSchussler SIannacone AElsing SHollander PMcLellan MHanna RSchmidt LWabers HEhrlich RRezaeian PDiminick LHubbard LGiangiacomo JFountain CPratt AKowarski AFloyd JAiello LMHazen SJampol LAiello LPBoniuk IMendley SGao XGanda OMayer LCuddihy RGoldbaum MSchade DSNorman DGrant IZaucha MMiao FClemens QMahon JFong KSivitz WIGreene DAMiao CVagstad GBucksa JLawrence DMalone JILyon ASchwartz SCrow RBoright AGubitosi-Klug RPop-Busui RCarney MSnetselaar LLorenz RVillavicencio STurkbey EVittetoe BLyon RSmith TSpeigelberg TArends VOrlin ADews LBecker DDas ABarron SBraffett BWhite NHGordon AGrand GLackaye MELiss RLow PTaylor TBernal MLWilliams CFunk LAsuquo VFriedenberg GPatel NPerkins BJain ACrawford PTaylor CCurtin DSussman RChahal HBryer-Ash MLynch JMirza RZinman BBurger MMorrison ASilva PService FJBraunstein SLopes-Virella MLuttrell LHu JBrillon DWilliams TCruickshanks KBlinder KArslanian SJohannes CArch JCowie CHarrington ARand LPurnell JLevandoski LZiegler GSurvant LGolden EJones BHsu WTerry JConrad PWPatronas MDonner TKelly KNeill SHainsworth DKirby RFerguson SFranz MDeClue TJOrchard TNicolle DAjroud-Driss SZeitler RZhang ZMGama VWigley CRutledge BSchutta MRodger NWLou PDwoskin AGill LGill MStockman MJohnsonbaugh SJovanovic LRubinstein DBergren RLParker JGauthier-Kelly CWesche JHeinemann MChapin JEHoffman RCornish CAstelford PMcDonald CMeyer DMontezuma SSommer CFernandes JMurphy MBBainbridge KKwong CGood MLi YNathan DMJones KNutaitis MCrandall JDegillio AStrand TCastle GRizza RGenuth SGodine JDelahanty LDoft BBracey MDahms WKoozekanani DRaskin PRosenzwieg JCanny CCros Dde Boer IHList SBantle JNatarajan RZheng DRosenberg DPerdikaris FPach JGuiliani MSoule JSteinberg DMayfield RKReid MMurtha TSchluter MLGloeb BSchlossman DPolak JMoore DThompson TJacobson AFruit JGeckle MTrail RNowicki MZhang LLucas AYacoub-Wasef SDeterman AChavers BBurzuk BWallia ABakshi NCimino LChan RLarkin MEMcMillan DMcVary KRichardson MChan KWimmergren NSonger TBeck CHaymond MLaechelt JDagogo-Jack SClark TMcKenzie LKetai LHGarvey WTKim CShamoon HStoessel KColligan REngel SDalton DLee KKim LZegarra HdeManbey ALee DEngel HSzpiech MMartin CLHarth JStrugula ZTang WScherer SKwon SCavallerano JRamos PPerlman KMalayeri ASilver PGinsberg JKitabchi ASiebert CBosco BLee TFolino KVan Ottingham LSteidl Svan der Geest RJCarey JDJones JKBarnie ASchumer MBrown EHamdy OBirk RHitt SSun LYalamanchi SHensley SCrowell SZimbler DBrabham MMacIndoe JKaminski LSun JDaneman DLobes LGiotta MHerman WHJenner MSolc HSun WLackland DBrunzell JAdelman DLorenzi GCavicchi RAdkins THermayer KKolterman OWhitehouse FHemady RMcGee DRogers SMayfield RPaczan Rath PSmith-Brewer SSwenson MBlodi BRude NMorgan KBull SMcGee PCleary PCampbell RMcKitrick CTanaka EAStrowig SColby PHyre RLipps Hagan JAngus EHebdon MFrench BBrink SPalmer CSteffes MBrown JCampbell AJoseph DBrown WCampbell CPalmer JfalseFrequency of Evidence-Based Screening for Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes.<h4>Background</h4>In patients who have had type 1 diabetes for 5 years, current recommendations regarding screening for diabetic retinopathy include annual dilated retinal examinations to detect proliferative retinopathy or clinically significant macular edema, both of which require timely intervention to preserve vision. During 30 years of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and its longitudinal follow-up Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, retinal photography was performed at intervals of 6 months to 4 years.<h4>Methods</h4>We used retinal photographs from the DCCT/EDIC study to develop a rational screening frequency for retinopathy. Markov modeling was used to determine the likelihood of progression to proliferative diabetic retinopath2017-01-01T00:00:00Z2017 Apr2026-05-04T11:34:20.811Z2019-03-27T02:53:30ZS-EPMC55572802842330510.1056/nejmoa161283610.1056/NEJMoa1612836