{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["7(1)"],"submitter":["Mould RC"],"funding":["CIHR"],"pubmed_abstract":["For a vaccine to be effective it must induce a sufficiently robust and specific immune response. Multi-site injection protocols can increase the titers of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies. Hypothetically, spreading a vaccine dose across multiple lymphatic drainage regions could also potentiate T cell responses. We used a replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 5-vectored cancer vaccine targeting the melanoma-associated antigen dopachrome tautomerase. Clinically, high numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells are a positive prognostic indicator. As such, there is interest in maximizing tumor-specific T cell responses. Our findings confirm a positive correlation between the number of tumor-specific T cells and survival. More importantly, we show for the first time that using multiple injection sites could increase the number of vaccine-induced CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells specific for a self-tumor antigen. Further, the number of tumor antigen-specific antibodies, as well CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells specific for a foreign antigen could also be enhanced. Our results show that multi-site vaccination induces higher magnitude immune responses than a single-bolus injection. This provides a very simple and almost cost-free strategy to potentially improve the efficacy of any current and future vaccine. Broader clinical adoption of multi-site vaccination protocols for the treatment of cancers and infectious diseases should be given serious consideration."],"journal":["Scientific reports"],"pagination":["8322"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5559552"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Enhancing Immune Responses to Cancer Vaccines Using Multi-Site Injections."],"pmcid":["PMC5559552"],"pubmed_authors":["Mould RC","Karimi K","Wootton SK","Petrik JJ","Mutsaers AJ","Susta L","Bridle BW","van Vloten JP","AuYeung AWK","Wood GA"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Enhancing Immune Responses to Cancer Vaccines Using Multi-Site Injections.","description":"For a vaccine to be effective it must induce a sufficiently robust and specific immune response. Multi-site injection protocols can increase the titers of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies. Hypothetically, spreading a vaccine dose across multiple lymphatic drainage regions could also potentiate T cell responses. We used a replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 5-vectored cancer vaccine targeting the melanoma-associated antigen dopachrome tautomerase. Clinically, high numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells are a positive prognostic indicator. As such, there is interest in maximizing tumor-specific T cell responses. Our findings confirm a positive correlation between the number of tumor-specific T cells and survival. More importantly, we show for the first time that using multiple injection sites could increase the number of vaccine-induced CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells specific for a self-tumor antigen. Further, the number of tumor antigen-specific antibodies, as well CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells specific for a foreign antigen could also be enhanced. Our results show that multi-site vaccination induces higher magnitude immune responses than a single-bolus injection. This provides a very simple and almost cost-free strategy to potentially improve the efficacy of any current and future vaccine. Broader clinical adoption of multi-site vaccination protocols for the treatment of cancers and infectious diseases should be given serious consideration.","dates":{"release":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2017 Aug","modification":"2021-02-21T11:32:32Z","creation":"2019-03-27T02:53:42Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC5559552","cross_references":{"pubmed":["28814733"],"doi":["10.1038/s41598-017-08665-9"]}}