biostudies-literature00510Kimmel CBNIDCR NIH HHSNICHD NIH HHSNIGMS NIH HHS5791-6https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC556121biostudies-literatureUnknown102(16)How do developmental mechanisms evolve to control changing skeletal morphology, the shapes and sizes of individual bones? We address this question with studies of the opercle (OP), a large facial bone that has undergone marked morphological evolution in the ray-finned fish. Attributes for developmental analysis motivated us to examine how OP shape and size evolve and develop in threespine sticklebacks, a model system for understanding vertebrate evolution. We find that when Alaskan anadromous fish take up permanent residence in lakes, they evolve smaller and reshaped OPs. The change is a reduction in the amount of bone laid down along one body axis, and it arises at or shortly after the onset of OP development. A quantitative trait locus is present on linkage group 19 that contributes in a major way to this phenotype.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaEvolution and development of facial bone morphology in threespine sticklebacks.PMC556121HD 22486P01 HD022486R01 DE0138345F32 GM 020892DE 13834F32 GM020892Cresko WAWilson CPhillips PCCurrey MUllmann BWalker CBell MAKimmel CBPostlethwait JH51falseEvolution and development of facial bone morphology in threespine sticklebacks.How do developmental mechanisms evolve to control changing skeletal morphology, the shapes and sizes of individual bones? We address this question with studies of the opercle (OP), a large facial bone that has undergone marked morphological evolution in the ray-finned fish. Attributes for developmental analysis motivated us to examine how OP shape and size evolve and develop in threespine sticklebacks, a model system for understanding vertebrate evolution. We find that when Alaskan anadromous fish take up permanent residence in lakes, they evolve smaller and reshaped OPs. The change is a reduction in the amount of bone laid down along one body axis, and it arises at or shortly after the onset of OP development. A quantitative trait locus is present on linkage group 19 that contributes in a major way to this phenotype.2005-01-01T00:00:00Z2005 Apr2024-11-13T02:02:53.792Z2019-03-26T22:26:03ZS-EPMC5561211582431210.1073/pnas.0408533102