biostudies-literatureHochberg NSNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseasesthe Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)Government of India’s (GOI) Department of Biotechnology (DBT)Office of AIDS Research (OAR)National Science FoundationU.S. Civilian Research &amp; Development Foundation (CRDF Global)e0183195https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5568341biostudies-literatureUnknown12(8)<h4>Background</h4>We aimed to define characteristics of TB patients in Puducherry and two districts of Tamil Nadu, India and calculate the population attributable fractions (PAF) of TB from malnutrition and alcohol.<h4>Methods</h4>New smear-positive TB cases were enrolled into the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT India) cohort. Census and National Family Health Survey data were used for comparisons.<h4>Results</h4>Data were analyzed for 409 participants enrolled between May 2014-June 2016; 307 (75.1%) were male, 60.2% were malnourished (body mass index [BMI] <18.5 kg/m2), and 29.1% severely malnourished (BMI <16). "Hazardous" alcohol use (based on AUDIT-C score) was reported by 155/305 (50.8%) of males. Tuberculosis cases were more likely than the PuducPloS oneComorbidities in pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Puducherry and Tamil Nadu, India: Opportunities for intervention.PMC5568341USB1-31150-XX-13Cooperative Agreement No. OISE-9531011Ellner JJSahu SGovindarajan SKubiak RWHochberg NSSivaprakasam APleskunas JSalgame PLakshminarayanan SKnudsen SSarkar SRoy GHorsburgh CRJoseph NMWhite LFfalseComorbidities in pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Puducherry and Tamil Nadu, India: Opportunities for intervention.<h4>Background</h4>We aimed to define characteristics of TB patients in Puducherry and two districts of Tamil Nadu, India and calculate the population attributable fractions (PAF) of TB from malnutrition and alcohol.<h4>Methods</h4>New smear-positive TB cases were enrolled into the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT India) cohort. Census and National Family Health Survey data were used for comparisons.<h4>Results</h4>Data were analyzed for 409 participants enrolled between May 2014-June 2016; 307 (75.1%) were male, 60.2% were malnourished (body mass index [BMI] <18.5 kg/m2), and 29.1% severely malnourished (BMI <16). "Hazardous" alcohol use (based on AUDIT-C score) was reported by 155/305 (50.8%) of males. Tuberculosis cases were more likely than the Puduc2017-01-01T00:00:00Z20172025-04-21T17:47:19.887Z2019-03-27T02:54:18ZS-EPMC55683412883261510.1371/journal.pone.0183195