biostudies-literatureReithmair MGerman Federal Ministry of Economy and Energy2403-2411https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5618677biostudies-literatureUnknown21(10)Septic shock is a common medical condition with a mortality approaching 50% where early diagnosis and treatment are of particular importance for patient survival. Novel biomarkers that serve as prompt indicators of sepsis are urgently needed. High-throughput technologies assessing circulating microRNAs represent an important tool for biomarker identification, but the blood-compartment specificity of these miRNAs has not yet been investigated. We characterized miRNA profiles from serum exosomes, total serum and blood cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets) of sepsis patients by next-generation sequencing and RT-qPCR (n = 3 × 22) and established differences in miRNA expression between blood compartments. In silico analysis was used to identify compartment-specific signalling functions ofJournal of cellular and molecular medicineCellular and extracellular miRNAs are blood-compartment-specific diagnostic targets in sepsis.PMC5618677KF3361701MD4WB1317Reithmair MPfob MSchelling GBuschmann DHagl DKaufmann IPfaffl MWMarte MKirchner BChouker ASteinlein OKfalseCellular and extracellular miRNAs are blood-compartment-specific diagnostic targets in sepsis.Septic shock is a common medical condition with a mortality approaching 50% where early diagnosis and treatment are of particular importance for patient survival. Novel biomarkers that serve as prompt indicators of sepsis are urgently needed. High-throughput technologies assessing circulating microRNAs represent an important tool for biomarker identification, but the blood-compartment specificity of these miRNAs has not yet been investigated. We characterized miRNA profiles from serum exosomes, total serum and blood cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets) of sepsis patients by next-generation sequencing and RT-qPCR (n = 3 × 22) and established differences in miRNA expression between blood compartments. In silico analysis was used to identify compartment-specific signalling functions of2017-01-01T00:00:00Z2017 Oct2026-05-06T03:44:48.185Z2019-03-27T02:57:37ZS-EPMC56186772838275410.1111/jcmm.13162