biostudies-literatureTorati LSMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Food Supply through CNPqBrazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service - SEBRAENational Department for Works Against the Droughts -DNOCSe0186692https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC5655490biostudies-literatureUnknown12(10)Parental investment in Arapaima gigas includes nest building and guarding, followed by a care provision when a cephalic fluid is released from the parents' head to the offspring. This fluid has presumably important functions for the offspring but so far its composition has not been characterised. In this study the proteome and peptidome of the cephalic secretion was studied in parental and non-parental fish using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) and GeLC-MS/MS analyses. Multiple comparisons revealed 28 peptides were significantly different between males and parental males (PC-males), 126 between females and parental females (PC-females), 51 between males and females and 9 between PC-males and PC-females. Identification revealed peptides were produced in the inPloS oneComparative proteome and peptidome analysis of the cephalic fluid secreted by Arapaima gigas (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) during and outside parental care.PMC5655490FAPTO Grant N. 2538/2012N. 457465/2012-3 and 434400/2016-5Albalat ASiwy JMigaud HMullen WMesquita PECTorati LSDoherty MKfalseComparative proteome and peptidome analysis of the cephalic fluid secreted by Arapaima gigas (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) during and outside parental care.Parental investment in Arapaima gigas includes nest building and guarding, followed by a care provision when a cephalic fluid is released from the parents' head to the offspring. This fluid has presumably important functions for the offspring but so far its composition has not been characterised. In this study the proteome and peptidome of the cephalic secretion was studied in parental and non-parental fish using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) and GeLC-MS/MS analyses. Multiple comparisons revealed 28 peptides were significantly different between males and parental males (PC-males), 126 between females and parental females (PC-females), 51 between males and females and 9 between PC-males and PC-females. Identification revealed peptides were produced in the in2017-01-01T00:00:00Z20172026-04-07T23:25:39.902Z2019-03-27T02:59:50ZS-EPMC56554902906517910.1371/journal.pone.0186692